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Settlers can get up to 160 acres for living on it for 5 years and improving it. But often this land was really bad.
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Southern states could once again join the union after ten percent of its voters took an othe of the Unites States and agreed to empancipation.
Congress was scared of giving power back to the white planter aristocracy. When Louisinana passed the ten percent rule, Congress refued to seat the state. -
50 percent of the southern voters had to take the oath of the United States and agree to emancipation.
Congress had passed this in fear of giving power back to the white planter arostocracy. Lincoln vetoed the bill.
The republicans no longer have the upper hand in Congress; the slaves were no longer 3/5, there were more representatives in the South. -
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Officially banned slavery in the United States.
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Guarantees freedmen certain civil rights. Johnson vetoes it but Congress overrules, shows power of congress > power of president in reconstruction.
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Guaranteed freedmen certain civil rights
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An example of the US expansionism.
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Designed to enhance the lives of farmers through social, educational, and fraternal activities. By 1875 it had 800k members.
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Divies the South into 5 military districts.
Changes requirements of Southern states for readmission: now they have to ratify 13th and 14th amendments and give adult male blacks full suffrage. -
Several of Grant's cabinet memebrs were corrupt. By 1872 Grantism had a lot of haters.
Reform minded citizens banded togher to for the Liberal Republican Party. This party urged the "purification of the Washington administration as well as an end to military reconstruction." -
Incorporates male black suffrage into the Constitution.
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By 1877 they controlled 95% of all US oil refineries: power of corporations.
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The Credit Mobilier railroad company asked for extremely large loans to build the railroads. The extra money went into the pockets of the business owners.
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The panic started in Britain and eventually moved to America. The New York Stock Exchange closed for ten days.
The freedmen's saving and trust company had made insecure loans to business owners, balck depositors lost all thier money. These kinds of companies lost support. -
"hard money": rich people favored this type of currency. This money was backed by gold.
"soft money": Greenbacks: agrarian groups supported this type of currency. It would make debts easier to to pay of with higher prices.
Resumption Act: stated that the governetn was to further withdraw all greenbacks from circulation and to bring back curency in backed by gold. -
Previous promises to the freedmen weren't being upheld, so this act was passed.
It was supposed to support racial equality and prohibit racial discrimination in jury selection and pubilc places. It was pourly supported and in 1883 it was deemed mostly unconstitutional; it only worked on governemtn decisions not personal.
The republican party eventually fell apart and the military reconstruction in the south disperesed. -
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The first democratic president since the Civil War
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Powerful and had good weapons like the walkout and the boycott. Consisted of an association of self-governing labour unions.
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Designed to "bridle the iron horse". No rebates/pools. No discriminating against shippers. Publish rates openly. No charging more for a short ride than a long one. Set up the ICC to enforce these rules. Didn't actually change much, though.
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Dissolves tribes, takes away tribal ownership of land. Says native americans get full citizenship and title to land if they behave like "good whites".
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Shows US influence in HI
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Shows how native americans are being pushed off their land
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Bossts rates to the highest peacetime amount ever. Hurts farmers.
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McKinley passed acts which surprised the farmers. They were forced to buy manufactured good and sell their products in the same dagerous industry. Rural voters protested against what the president was doing. The Farmer's Alliance was a militiant group formed from the southern and western farmers. Republicans lost 88 seats and were no longer the majority.
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Shows the move of the US population to the cities
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Combinations that restrict trade aren't allowed. It was designed to reign in the trusts but ended up just hurting unions.
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Rooted in Farmers' Alliance. Based in the agricultural belts of the west and south.
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Barely lowered the tariff, and created a 2% income tax. (The Supreme Court stuck down the income tax in 1895.)
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Shows the power of the wealthy, including JP Morgan. People are upset about this.
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Leaned towards hard-money politics. He also liked a protective tariff.
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Raised tariffs in United States to counteract the Wilson–Gorman Tariff Act of 1894, which had lowered rates
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"Seperate But Equal"
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We tell the world that we'll give Cuba freedom once they're freed from the Spaniards.
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Railroad-building really took off in the 1890s and around 1900.
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They got lots of governent land grants. A lot of railroads failed because they weren't in strategic places- aka overspeculation in ailroads.
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Down 9.3% from 1870
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