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In 1938 the supreme court ruled that every state had to offer equal educational oppurtunities.
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This would study racial discrimination and to suggest federal solutions to the problem. The committees report to secure these rights noted that there was racial discrimination throughout the country.The report called for a permanent Fair Employment Practices Commission.
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Daisy Bates arranged rides to the high school for the students of the Little Rock Nine.
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In 1946 an African American named Heman Sweatt applied to a law school that did not accept black students. Rather than admit Sweatt, school officials chose to create a seperate African American law school. The Supreme Court ruled in "Sweatt vs Painter" that the new school did not provide African Americans with the access to equal academic prestige, facilities, or instructors. They order the univesity to admit Sweatt to the law school.
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The Supreme Court ruled in the Brown case that segregation in public schools is illegal.
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The Supreme Court made its ruling stronger, ordering public schools to desegregate "with all deliberate speed".
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African American seamstress Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white passenger. She was quickly arrested.
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Former NAACP leader E.D Nixon used the case of Rosa Parks to challenge bus segregation laws. He then organized an African American boycott of the city bus system.
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The Supreme Court ruled that Montgomery's segregated bus system was illegal. The victory brought Martin Luther King Jr. to the forefront of the civil rights movement and also energized the African American Community.
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The school board in Little Rock, Arkansas, decided to integrate one high school first. Then it would slowly work down to the elementary level. The school board selected nine outstanding African American students, known as the LIttle Rock Nine, to attend Central High School.
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Eisenhower sent federal troops to enforce desegregation at Central High, after Faubus refused their request to follow the law.
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Ernest Green became the first African American student to graduate from Central High School.
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The Supreme Court ordered the University of MIssissippi to accept James Meredith as its first African American student.
