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Period: 1567 to
Claudio Monteverdi
Monteverdi was trained in the Renaissance style, but also enjoyed composing modern music. He used a lot of dissonance for his madrigals (Seconda prattica) to emphasize the text. -
Period: 1580 to
Early Baroque
The beginning of the Baroque Era moves from the Renaissance Era and begins to focus on art and drama. -
Period: to
The life of Francesca Canccini
A woman soprano who was the daughter of Giulio Canccini. She is known as the first woman to compose Operas and sang roles in the earliest made Operas. Herself, her parents, and her sister all worked for the Medici Family, after being sought out by France and then later bought by them. She became the highest paid musician by the time she was twenty years old. Cancinni composed sacred Operas, balli, intermezzi, and one extant opera (La Liberazione di Ruggiero). -
The First Opera
"Dafne" composed by Giulio Caccinci and Jacopo Peri was the first Opera. -
First Extant Opera
"Euridice" composed by Caccini and Peri in 1600 was the first Extant Opera. -
France
The French did not appreciate Operas because of their stylistic choices. However, they are most noted for their ballets during the early 1600's -
Invention of Opera
Jacopo Peri and Giulio Caccini invented Opera around 1600 in Florence, Italy. -
Monteverdi Extant Works
Composed nine books of Madrigals, few being in Baroque style, masses Magnificats, Vespers, Motets, and Italian Operas. -
Period: to
The Baroque Era
An era of non-traditional and unique art or musical expression. -
Court Composer
Monteverdi became the court composer for the Duke of Mantua in 1607. -
Period: to
Barbara Strozzi
Born in Venice in 1619, Strozzi was adopted by her mother who founded the Accademia degli Unisoni in which Barbara studied under Francesco Cavalli. She published eight sets of songs that were each dedicated to wealthy patrons. She did not write any operas, but the songs and cantanas she composed were dramatic. -
Sonatas
Sonatas used solo players and not orchestras, they are though of as chamber works for rooms rather than concert halls. -
Period: to
Middle Baroque Era
The mid Baroque Era started to show more diversity vocally; things like Operas, cantatas, oratorios , and interesting harmonies were created. -
First Public Opera Theatre Opens
Located in Venice, "Teatro de San Cassiano" was open to the public in 1637. -
Period: to
Louis the 14th of France
Louis the 14th was a notable King of France mostly because of his talent in ballet. -
Aria Preference
During the 1640's, Arias were the most demanded and favorited pieces. An aria is a solo piece performed by vocalists or Operatic singers. Often times, Arias included a Recitative, which was basically a character's vocal monologue to set up the piece that they are going to sing. -
Monteverdi's Final Opera
"The Coronation of Poppea" was Monteverdi's last opera, composed in 1642. -
Period: to
French Baroque Style
Included ornaments, ornate decorations, art, architecture, music, and fashion. It was epitomized by the court of Louis XIV Versailles. -
Period: to
Heinrich Ignaz Franz von Biber
Biber (1644-1704) lived in Salzburg and was a Bohemian-Austrian composer and violinist. He is considered one of the most important composers for the violin and composed Cathloic sacred music, violin sonatas, and ensemble music. -
Period: to
Theatre during Commonwealth
During this time period in England, plays and Operas were not allowed because the puritans believed that the devil was involved in theatre. -
Mid-Baroque Cantanas
During the 1650's cantanas were usually in the Italian language and secular. They were composed for one or two singers and a string ensemble. The content was mostly about themes of love and meant for entertainment -
L'astratto
A cantana by Strozzi written in Italian -
Period: to
Arcangelo Corelli
Corelli was an Italian composer -
Period: to
Henry Purcell
Purcell, (1659-1695) was a singer, organist, and composer. He worked in the Court of Charles II when stage plays were allowed again. He wrote play music and Italian Opera music with grand aspects of French music. -
Period: to
Alessandro Scarlatti
Scarlatti was the father Domenico Scarlatti and was a teacher in Naples. -
Period: to
Elisabeth-Claude Jacquet de la Guerre
Jacquet de la Guerre, was referred to as "the wonder of our century", she was a composer. -
Period: to
Francois Couperin
Couperin was a French composer -
Spread of Opera
Being Opera was created in Italy, it later spread to France and finally reavhed England by the 1670's -
Sonata No. 1
Composed by Biber, Sonata No. 1 is a mid-baroque violin sonata and is intended to be similar to solo voice parts. -
Period: to
Antonio Vivaldi
Vilvaldi, often referred to as the "red priest" because he was a redhead, was a music director at an orphanage for girls (the Pieta) in Venice. He composed many operas, instrumentals, and sacred music. He was mostly popular during the 1720's, which was considered the height of his career. -
Period: to
Late Baroque
Works from composers like Bach and Handel concluded the Baroque Era. -
Period: to
Georg Philip Telemann
Telemann was a German composer who composed more than 125 orchestral suites. He helped establish the French-style orchestral suite in Germany. -
Period: to
Domenico Scarlatti
Scarlatti was a keyboard virtuoso who served Portuguese and Spanish royal families. He wrote over five-hundred sonatas intended for harpsichord, operas, cantanas, and keyboard exercises. -
Le Quattro stagioni (Vivaldi)
"The Four Seasons", written for a cycle of four violin concertos and had word painting in instrumental music