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- The presence of stromatolites indicates that shallow seas covered much of Earth during intervals. 11. Nearly half of the valuable mineral deposits in the world occur in the rocks of this period.
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Geological Timeline
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- Trilobites appear. 23.Shelled brachiopods appear
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- There is very little plant life during this period. 30. Colonies of tiny invertebrates call graptolites flourished and vertebrates appear, fish did not have jaws or teeth and their bodies were covered with bony plates
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- Eurypterids (sea scorpions), sea stars, and coral become more common. 33. Vascular land plants and animals, such as scorpions begin to evolve on land
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- Huge plants begin to develop, early amphibians form. 37. Age of Fishes, fish that can breathe out of the water and spend time on land form
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- Swamps and forests cover the land. 21. Early reptiles resembling large lizards appear.
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- Giant cockroaches appear. 15. Coal deposits form.
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- Appalachian Mountains are created because of the collision of tectonic plates and savannahs form. 38. Environmental change causes mass extinction of sea invertebrates (trilobites & eurypterids) as the seas retreat.
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- Welcome to the world of the Dinosaur! Enter the squirrel sized dinosaur & the first forest dwelling animals appear. 34. Ichthyosaurs are living in the ocean, new invertebrates call ammonite develop
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- Flying reptiles called pterosaurs are in the air now. 13. Whoa those dines are getting big & dominate the land- lizard-hipped and bird-hipped appear - carnivores and herbivores have arrived.
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- First flowering plants appear- angiosperm. 35. Impact hypothesis- dinosaur mass extinction
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- First primates evolve. 29. small rodents evolve
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- Flying squirrels, whales, and bats appear. 25. World wide temperatures drop about 4 degrees celsius.
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- Himalayas develop due to uplifting caused by the Indian subcontinent and Eurasian continents colliding. 27. Many early mammals become extinct, clams and snails flourished.
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- Antarctic icecaps begin to form. 36. Mediterranean Sea dries up and refills several times due to tectonic forces and dropping sea levels
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- Various species migrated between continents across land bridges. 26. first modern horses appear
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- Homosapien(modern humans) appeared & are hunters. 20. Species that did not evolve to survive extreme cold moved to warmer climates or became extinct.
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- The last glacial period ended and sea levels rose, Great Lakes formed. 28. Modern human developed agriculture and used tools made out of bronze and iron.
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- Some scientists believed that humankind has caused mass extinctions of plant and animal species, polluted the oceans, and altered the atmosphere. 14. There is argument to when this epoch began, some scientists think it began with the industrial age in the early 1800's others think it began with the atomic age in the 1950's
