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Robert E. Lee surrenders to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House
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Abraham Lincoln calls for a reconstruction of the country.
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John Wilkes Boothe assassinated Abraham Lincoln at Ford's Theater as the American Civil War was drawing to a close.
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13th Amendment ratified. Black Codes was also enacted, (laws imposed in the southern states to restrict the rights of African Americans)
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The Klan is the first of many secret terrorist organizations organized in the South for the purpose of reestablishing white authority.
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African Americans were granted citizenship, and were insured equal rights.
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Ulysses S. Grant elected president
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Hiram Revels of Mississippi elected to U. S. Senate as the first black senator.
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Congress passes the Ku Klux Klan Act, a more far-reaching reform than the Enforcement Acts. This is the first time that specific crimes committed by individuals are deemed punishable by federal law.
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P. B. S. Pinchback becomes the first black man to serve as an acting state governor in Louisiana, for one month (until 13 January 1873).