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Bill required the majority of the adult white males in a former confederate state to take an oath of allegiance to the Union.
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Also known as Bureau of Refugees, freedom, and abandoned lands. Task was to feed and cloth war refugees in the south using surplus army supplies. Gave African Americans work on plantations.
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Goal was to drive out the carpetbaggers and intimidate African American Voters so as to regain control of the south for the Democratic party.
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This act granted citizenship to all persons born in the United States except Native Americans.
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Grant little expirence in politics. He believed the presidents role was to carry out the laws and leave the development of policy to congress.
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Granted citizenshipto all persons born or naturalized in the United States and declared that no state could deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, "without due process of the laws." Also declared that no state could deny a person "equal protection of the laws."
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The right to vote will not be denied because of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
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Late 1870's Confederate states rejoin the Union.
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Reconstruction provided African Americans with new Oppurtunities to participate in politics. Many took part in the state constitutional conventions and were elected to state legislatures.
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Cobat acts of violence in the south. First act made it a federal crime to interfere with a citizen's right to vote. Federal elections put under the supervision of federal marshals. Third act known as the Ku Klux Klan act, outlawed the activities of the Klan.
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Tried to prevent Grant's re-nomination. When this failed they broke away and nominated their own. (Horace Greeley)
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Dozens of smaller banks closed, and the stock market plummeted. Thousands of buisnesses shut down, and unemployment soared.
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Group of government officials and distillers in St. Louis, Missouri, cheated the government of millions of dollars by filling false tax reports.
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Hayes pulled federal roops out of the south. Without Soldiers to support them, the last republican govenments in South Carolina and Louisana collapsed. The Democrats had "redeemed" the south.
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First college for African American woman
