Growing up bilingual

Puerto Rico Language Policy Timeline

  • 1898-1900 It was established that all teachers should learn English

    1898-1900 It was established that all teachers should learn English
    Dr. John Eaton and Dr. Victor Clark established all teachers should learn English and was introduced teaching all the classes in English in the public schools.
  • 1902- Language Act granted official status English and Spanish.

    1902- Language Act granted official status English and Spanish.
  • 1903- English was re-established.

    1903- English was re-established.
    Theodore Roosevelts Commissioner re-established English as the medium of instruction in all grades.
  • 1902-1904- The use of English increases in public schools.

    1902-1904- The use of English increases in public schools.
    540 teachers were sent to the United States to the Cornell University and Harvard during Summer of 1904.
  • 1909-1910 English as official language.

    1909-1910  English as official language.
    The English was established in all the schools. A separatist movement emerged and they adopted the Spanish as language for education. Also the separatist condemned the use of English because they thought it was a threat to the Puerto Rican identity.
  • 1913- There was a shift to Spanish language.

    1913- There was a shift to Spanish language.
    The Spanish was introduced to first grade for some courses and it was recommended the reading in Spanish.
  • 1917- Spanish was reinstated as the medium of instruction for the first four grades.

    1917- Spanish was reinstated as the medium of instruction for the first four grades.
    Linguistic controversy continued with political tone. During this time the Commissioner Paul G. Miller was in defense o English and José de Diego was in defense of Spanish.
  • 1930- All subjects except English to be taught in Spanish.

    1930- All subjects except English to be taught in Spanish.
    Commissioner of Education José Padín introduced a language policy to taught all classes in Spanish and th English class as a second language from first grade.
  • 1934-English language of instruction for all grades

    Language policy shift again when Blanton S Winthrop made English The language of instruction in all grades.
  • 1941- Winthrop's policy was modified.

    1941- Winthrop's policy was modified.
    English was re-established as the language of instruction in the secondary schools.
  • 1948-1950 Spanish was established as the language of instruction.

    1948-1950 Spanish was established as the language of instruction.
    1948-English was to be taught for one period a day as a second language.
    1949-Mariano Villaronga finished the debate of bilingualism ordering the use of the native language in all levels of the public schools.
  • 1970- Bilingual Education funds

    1970- Bilingual Education funds
    Since this days the Department of Education requested funds for the students that returned from the United States.
  • 1972-1976 Bilingual programs in two public schools.

    1972-1976 Bilingual programs in two public schools.
    During this time it was implemented a bilingual project in Padre Rufo school and Papa Juan XXIII school.
  • 1978- Bilingual Education Projects

    1978- Bilingual Education Projects
    United States Congress authorized the bilingual education projects for the best performance of the students who returns to department of Education in Puerto Rico.
  • 1991- The popular party approved Spanish only legislation.

    1991- The popular party approved Spanish only legislation.
    This was an example of language policies directed toward advancing political goals.
  • 1993- "Spanish only" legislation was revoked.

    1993- "Spanish only" legislation was revoked.
    The " Spanish only" legislation was revoked and substituted for Law number I, which established both English and Spanish as official Language on the island.
  • Bilingual Education pilot program.

    Bilingual Education pilot program.
    BEC 21 pilot program began in 31 schools offering Science and Math in English. With this program there is many controversies.