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Gustav Mahler
Mahler is a Viennese composer and was considered to be the heir to Mozart and Beethoven. He utilized aspects of music of non-western cultures. -
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Claude Debussy
Debussy was the most important French composer of the early twentieth century and was credited with composing the first modern orchestral work. -
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Richard Strauss
Strauss was a German composer that supported Wagner's use of chromaticism and expanded on the trait. He was famous for tone poems and operas. -
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Arnold Schoenberg
Schoenberg was an Austrian composer, theorist, and painter. He went atonal circa 1907-1909 and created "melodies" in atonality called "tone rows." -
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Maurice Ravel
Ravel was a French impressionist composer credited with writing the first impressionist piano piece. -
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Igor Stravinsky
Stravinsky's musical style changed often from Russian, French, Neoclassical, and Serialist periods. His overall style consisted of ostinati, harsh and brash, rhythmically complex, essentially tonal but with sharp dissonance, and self-borrowing. -
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Louis Durey
Durey was born in Paris to a non-musical family. He was a member of Les Six and instigated the first Les Six album. He wrote songs for the French Resistance during World War II and wrote with Vietnamese themes in the 1960s as a protest to the war. -
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Arthur Honegger
Honegger was a member of Les Six born to Swiss parents (also considering himself Swiss). He had a huge compositional output in all mediums and composed most of his works on commission. -
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Darius Milhaud
Milhaud was born on the Southern coast of France and studied Debussy, immediately rejecting impressionism. He was a member of Les Six and became close friends of Tailleferre, only female member of Les Six, and gave her needed encouragement to continue composing. He traveled to Brazil with Claudel in 1918 which influenced his composition. American Jazz also influenced his work. -
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Germaine Tailleferre
Tailleferre was the only female member of Les Six. She was friends with many famous French designers. She was very incredibly afraid of performing solo but did well as an accompanist. She was also well known for loving dogs. -
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Georges Auric
Auric was born in Southern France and studied composition in Paris with Satie's teachers. He was a member of Les Six. -
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Francis Poulenc
Poulenc was a member of Les Six born in Paris to rich parents. He was self-taught but had musical tutors. His partner Pierre Bernac premiered many of his songs. -
Invention of Headphones
Invented by Nathaniel Baldwin. -
Rite of Spring
Composed by Igor Stravinsky. -
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World War I
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12 Tone Method
Created by Arnold Schoenberg. -
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The Great Depression