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St. Benedict formed a set of monastic rules. He was the leader of the monastic movement and divided days into sections for worship. This practice was to dedicate lives to God.
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Muhammad passed away in Medina. Caliphates formed and Caliphs led the Umayyad and Abbasid Caliphates. Sunni and Shia Muslim groups were formed.
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The Rashidun army initially besieged Jerusalem but failed to take it. Caliph Umar went to Jerusalem intending to take the city. The Arabs successfully conquered Palestine.
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The Umayyad Caliphate was based in Syria. They expanded into Spain and replaced non-muslims in high positions. They focused on expanding their territory.
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Second attempt to take Constantinople. The Arab forces attacked by sea and land, trying to breach the walls. The Arab army consisted of 80,000 people.
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Conquered the former Umayyad caliphate. Located in Iraq. During these years, a golden age was present as well as trade and religious tolerance.
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The Byzantine Empire was located between Africa and Europe and traded as such. They controlled Rome and had a well organized government. Justintinian ruled this empire and established a codified set of laws.
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This leader was crowned Pope Charlemagne. He ruled over parts of France and Germany. It is believed he did not want nor expect this Honor but let it happen anyway.
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The Schism was a split in the church that caused their influence to weaken. The Eastern Orthodox church split from the Roman Catholic church. It was caused by differing religious and political opinions.
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Feudalism was a political system which promoted a decentralized form of government. Nobles were granted land in exchange for their loyalty to the King. Peasants often served and worked on the lands.
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The Crusades was a battle against Christians and Muslims. The Pope pleas and challenges Western Europe to attempt to save the holy lands.In the end, the Muslim power achieved victory.
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The trans-saharan trade route was primarily controlled by the Ghana empire. Gold and salt were greatly valued. These routes connected the Mediterranean and West African civilizations.
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The Magna Carta was a document that limited the powers of King John ll. This was the first time a monarch had been limited, and it gave the people hope. This documented prevented an internal civil war.
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Mansa Mus was the leader of the Mali kingdom. He expanded existing trade routes to extend to the Middle East. He practiced Islamic traditions.
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The Hundred Years War was fought between England and France. It significantly weakened the Knight. The French party won over the English at the Battle of Castillon.
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The Bubonic Plague/Black Death killed off a huge majority of the human population, an estimated third to half. This disease negatively affected social and economic ways of life. It was primarily spread through trade and rodents from Asia to Europe.
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The Great Schism was a split of the Catholic church from within. Multiple people claimed to be the Pope, which caused chaos. The conflict ended by the Council of Constance.
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The age of recovery came to be. Focused on education and the arts. There was a revival on character growth and well rounded people.
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Joan said to have had visions from God telling her to fight for France in the war. The people did not like this and had her put to death for witchcraft. However, she did inspire France to achieve victory.
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Mehmet ll was responsible for this fall. The Ottoman sultan destroyed what remained of the Byzantine Empire. They attackers continued to expand into Eastern Europe.