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Poland
First person to theorize that the earth revolved around the sun, not the other way around.
His heliocentric model of the universe, which went against the Church's geocentric model, started the Copernican Revolution. -
Born in Pisa, Florence, Galileo was a Renessaince philospher, astronomer, and mathmatician. Galileo was the first person to consider heliocentrism- the theory that Earth was not the center of the Universe, but actually the Sun was the center of gravity for all other planets in our galaxy, including Earth. Under scrutany, Galileo's theory was unfourtunatly brushed off until the mid 17th century. And although a pious Catholic, Galileo had 3 children out of wedlock.
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German physicist who discovered the most efficient way to pack spheres, and wrote the 3 laws of planetary movement in his book, The Epitome.
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Dutch astronomer who discovered a method to measure the Earth's radius, and later rediscovered the Law of Refraction.
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Robert Hooke, known as "England's Leonardo", was a Proffessor at Oxford and member of numerous prestigous societies aimed at bettering society via scientific study. He validified Boyle's Law, and made significant breakthrough's in biological study. Hooke was born in Freshwater, England, and applied the word "cell" to the english dictionary,
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English physicist who created the three laws of gravity, as well creating the first reflecting telescope.
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Ben Franklin was born in Boston, Massachusetts in 1706. He contributed enhanced understanding of demography, meteorology, electricity, and optics.
He was the U.S. ambassador to France, and was a founding father of the United States itself. He was married to Deborah Read and has an illegitamate son named William. -
Scottish inventor who worked with engines. Originally starting with the steam engine, he quickly realized that they wasted a great deal of energy. By the time he died, he had invented the Rotary Engine, one which conserves a great deal of energy.
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Italy
Responsible for Avogadro's Law, which states that the relationship between masses of equal volume of different gases (at same temperature and pressure) corresponds to the relationship betwen their weights.
The number of entities in one mole of a substance is named in honor of him-Avogadro's Constant. -
Prescott Joule was an English Physicist.HE created the First Law of Thermodynamics. He was an advert advisary the Caloric Theory, and was honored by having the unit for energy named "Joules".
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France
Responsible for Ampere's Law, which states that the mutual action of 2 lengths of current-carrying wire is proportional to the lengths and intensities of their currents.
The SI unit of measurement of electric current is named after him. -
Bavanian physicist who discovered the direct correlation between the electric voltage and elctric current.
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Austria
Proposed the Doppler effect, which states that the frequency of a wave depends on the relative speed of source and observer.
Notable influence on Gregor Mendel. -
Hertz was an extremely intelligent young man, who had a fascinating interest in Meteorology, vast mechanic prowess, and passion for Electromagnetic research. Hertz'z studies and theories with mechanics and electromagnetism led future scientists to name the units of current "Hertz". Hertz was persecuted by the nazi regime, died at the age of 36, and was succeeded in science by his nephew, Gustav Ludwig Hertz, who went on to win a Nobel Peace Prize in scientific study.
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Serbian inventor who created a method for harvesting "unwired lightning", later called the tesla coil.
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Germany
Developed the mass-energy equivalence formula, e=mc^2, the "world's most famous equation."
Received 1921Nobel Prize in Physics for "services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect."
