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Archimedes put mathematics, physics, and engineering to new levels. He was one of the first to use mathematics in physical phenomena, taking the title of the father of hydrostatics. He also discovered one of th most important things in physics "the center of gravity" -
Galileo Galilei is considered as the father of modern physics, he also discovered the law of the pendulum and he stated the principle of inertia. -
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Kepler was the one who discovered the celestial bodies follow elliptical paths. He also discovered that our eyes invert the images and our brains correct the upside down images. -
Newton discovered the law of universal gravitation, proving that the same reason apples fall is that the moon revolves around the earth. He make the Newton’s Laws and he also proved that sunlight is made up of all of the colors of the rainbow. -
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James theory of the kinetics of gases accurately explained the origin of temperature and introduced the theory of probability into very small physics, which is indispensable today. He explained the behavior of Saturn’s rings and create a color photograph.
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Einstein melted space-time together, showed that matter causes space-time to curve, which we call gravity, and also showed that time passes more slowly when gravity gets too strong. And of course we cannot forget the famous equation "E = mc 2" that showed that energy and matter can be converted to each other.
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Schrödinger made important contributions to the fields of quantum mechanics and thermodynamics. He is famous for his well-known Schrödinger's cat thought experiment, which is a discontent with quantum mechanics raised it.