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Philip was nominated as heir to the throne of Spain.
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Philip began his education. He was educated by the Roman Catholic priest Juan Martinez Siliceo.
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Philip’s sister, Joanna, was born to Charles I of Spain and Isabella of Portugal at Madrid, Spain.
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Philip’s mother, Isabella of Portugal, died.
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Philip’s first wife Elizabeth died following a miscarriage.
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Philip’s wife, Maria, died from complications following the birth of Don Carlos.
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Philip was crowned King of Naples by Pope Julius III. Philip was crowned King of Sicily and Jerusalem by Pope Julius III.
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Philip declared war on the Papal states in retaliation for Pope Paul IV’s anti-Spanish policy.
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Philip became King of Spain when his father, Charles V of Spain, abdicated in his favor. He was now ruler of Spain, Netherlands, Naples, Milan and Spain’s possessions in the Americas. His brother, Ferdinand, who was already ruler of Austria, became Holy Roman Emperor.
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Treaty of Vaucelles
This treaty between France and Spain agreed a peace between the two countries. Howevver, the peace did not last very long -
Battle of Saint Quentin
This battle between Spain and France during the Italian Wars saw the Spanish victorious. -
Philip’s father, Charles V, died at Yuste, Spain.
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Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis
This treaty, signed by France and Spain, ended the fighting between the two countries over Italy. Spain gained Savoy, Genoa and control of Milan, Naples, Sicily and Sardinia. The treaty was to be sealed with the marriage of Philip to Elisabeth of Valois. -
Philip nominated his eldest son, Don Carlos, as his heir.
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Philip arrested his son, Don Carlos, for plotting against him and placed him under house arrest.
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Philip’s wife Elisabeth died following a miscarriage.
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Philip was recognised as King of Portugal, claiming the throne through descent from his Portuguese mother.
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Philip sent the Spanish Armada to invade England. He hoped to depose Elizabeth, take the throne of England and restore Catholicism. The fleet of ships were to sail to the Netherlands and the Duke of Parma and Spanish troops before invading England.The Spanish Armada ships were met with storms and gale force winds in the North Sea. Most of the ships had cut their anchors to escape Gravelines and, unable to drop anchor, around half of the ships were battered and destroyed.
