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The Indian independence movement was a series of events with the goal of ending British rule in India. Most of the movements were peaceful, led by Gandhi.
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Mandela joined the African National Congress to negotiate an end to apartheid and make Africa free from injustice. -
As a part of the Indian Independence Act of 1947 India was divided into India and Pakistan. The Partition of India was due to religious differences but was greatly unsuccessful. -
The racial segregation under the all-white government of South Africa separated non-white Africans from white Africans.
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The war was the Mau Mau against the British authorities. The Mau Mau violently resisted British domination in Kenya.
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The revolution was led by Fidel Castro with the goal of overthrowing the government. They were successful and a new government was established. -
The Algerian War for Independence was between France and the Algerian National Liberation Front. Algeria gained its independence from France.
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In 1957 Ghana gained independence from Britain. Kwame Nkrumah was the leader that turned Ghana into a republic with himself as the president. -
During protests police fired on a crowd of Black people, killing or wounding some 250 of them. It was one of the first and most violent demonstrations against apartheid in South Africa. -
In 1961, Nelson Mandela co-founded and became the first leader of Umkhonto we Sizwe, “Spear of the Nation”, a new armed wing of the African National Congress. -
The Congo Independence Movement movement was in the Belgian Congo that demanded the end of colonial rule. The country gained independence on 30 June 1960. -
Mandela and 155 other activists were arrested and went on trial for treason. He spent 27 years in prison
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A civil war between the Khmer Rouge along with the communists of Cambodia and government forces. The war was over communism in Cambodia. The Khmer Rouge proclaimed the establishment of Democratic Kampuchea.
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Declared that all Africans were citizens of “homelands,” rather than of South Africa itself, with the goal of having no African citizens of South Africa. -
Transkei, Venda, Bophuthatswana, and Ciskei were declared “independent” and eight million Africans lost their South African citizenship.
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The Iranian Revolution was in 1978 because the Iranian government was not meeting citizens' expectations. The war ended in the fall of the monarchy and a republic was established. -
in 1986, South African citizenship was restored to those people who were born outside the four “independent” homelands. After 1994, the homelands were reabsorbed into South Africa -
Mandela was appointed as the president of the African National Congress by acclamation and he received the Prince of Asturias of International Cooperation. A year later, he received the Nobel Peace Prize. -
Mandela became the first Black president of South Africa, forming a multiethnic government to oversee the country’s transition from Apartheid.