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The protests were largely non-violent on the parts of the participants, many of whom wore tri-color armbands signifying the ANC. https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/defiance-campaign-1952
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The Great Depression and World War II brought increasing economic woes to South Africa, and convinced the government to strengthen its policies of racial segregation. https://www.history.com/topics/africa/apartheid
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The South African government officially launches the system of apartheid, severely restricting the freedom of Black Africans. https://web.stanford.edu/~jbaugh/saw/Ajani_Apartheid.html
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Mandela and Tambo was a South African law firm established by Nelson Mandela and Oliver Tambo in Johannesburg. It was the first "Attorney Firm" in the country to be run by black partners. https://www.huseby.com/blog/2013/nelson-mandela-had-early-career-in-law-was-founder-of-south-africas-first-black-law-firm
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Afrikaner police open fire on a group of unarmed black South African demonstrators, killing 69 people and wounding 180 in a hail of submachine-gun fire. The demonstrators were protesting against the South African government’s restriction of nonwhite travel. https://web.stanford.edu/~jbaugh/saw/Ajani_Apartheid.html
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Nelson Mandela was imprisoned for attempting to overthrow South Africa’s apartheid rule. He was Imprisoned for 27 years and was in jail for the first 18 years. https://www.ool.co.uk/blog/imprisonment-nelson-mandela
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South Africa was suspended from the General Assembly. After decades of strikes, sanctions and increasingly violent demonstrations, many apartheid laws were repealed by 1990.
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After 27 years in prison Nelson Mandela was freed and negotiated the end of apartheid in South Africa bringing peace to a racially divided country and leading the fight for human rights around the world. https://www.history.com/topics/africa/apartheid-video
