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WWI
was a major war centred on Europe that began in the summer of 1914 and lasted until November 1918. It involved all of the world's great powers,[4] assembled in two opposing alliances. More than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. The assassination on 28 June 1914 of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, was the proximate trigger of the war."Treaty of Versailles" -
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GandhI
was a pre-eminent political and ideological leader of India during the Indian independence movement. He pioneered satyagraha. This is defined as resistance to tyranny through mass civil resistance. His philosophy and leadership helped India gain independence and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. "nonviolence". Gandhi was assassinated on 30 January 1948 by Nathuram Godse. -
Russian Revolution
Abdication of Nicholas II, end of the Russian Empire, Bolsheviks' takeover of power, start of the Russian Civil War. Destroyed the Tsarist autocracy and led to the creation of the Soviet Union. -
Wilson's 14-Point Plan
A speech delivered by United States President Woodrow Wilson to a joint session of Congress on January 8, 1918. The address was intended to assure the country that the Great War was being fought for a moral cause and for postwar peace in Europe. -
Treaty of Versailles
Was one of the peace treaties at the end of World War I. It ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June 1919, exactly five years after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. Of the many provisions in the treaty, one of the most important and controversial required Germany to accept responsibility for causing the war and under the terms of the War Guilt clauses. -
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League of Nations
an intergovernmental organization founded as a result of the Paris Peace Conference that ended World War I, and it was the precursor to the United Nations. The League's primary goals, as stated in its Covenant, included preventing war through collective security, disarmament, and settling international disputes through negotiation and arbitration.The United Nations replaced it after the end of the war and inherited a number of agencies and organizations founded by the Leagu -
Great Depression
A severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in about 1929 and lasted until the late 1930s or early 1940s. It was the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of the 20th century. In the 21st century, the Great Depression is commonly used as an example of how far the world's economy can. decline.[ -
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Chinese Civil War
A civil war fought between the Kuomintang the governing party of the Republic of China and the Communist Party of China. for the control of China which eventually led to China's division into two Chinas, Republic of China and People's Republic of China. -
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Stalin's 5-Year Plans
The first one was accepted in 1928, for the period from 1929 to 1933, and completed one year early. The last Five-Year Plan was for the period from 1991 to 1995 and was not completed, as the Soviet Union was dissolved in 1991. were a series of nation-wide centralized exercises in rapid economic development in the Soviet Union. -
Hitler comes to power
After his release on 20 December 1924, he gained support by promoting Pan-Germanism, antisemitism and anti-communism with charismatic oratory and propaganda. He was appointed chancellor on 30 January 1933, and transformed the Weimar Republic into the Third Reich, a single-party dictatorship based on the totalitarian and autocratic ideology of Nazism. -
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WWII
The Holocaust and the only use of nuclear weapons in warfare, it was the deadliest conflict in human history, resulting in 50 million to over 70 million fatalities. war begun on 1 September 1939, with the invasion of Poland by Germany and Slovakia, and subsequent declarations of war on Germany by France and most of the countries of the British Empire and Commonwealth. The war ended with the total victory of the Allies over Germany and Japan in 1945. -
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Juan Peron
29th President of Argentina In office Jun 4, 1946-Sept 21, 1955. 41st President of Argentina In office Oct 12, 1973 -Jul 1, 1974. was an Argentine military officer, and politician. Perón was three times elected as President of Argentina. popular among many Argentines, and to this day they are still considered icons by the Peronists. The Peróns' followers praised their efforts to eliminate poverty and to dignify labor, while their detractors considered them demagogues and dictators. -
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Cold War
was the continuing state from about 1947 to 1991 of political conflict, military tension, proxy wars, and economic competition between the Communist World, primarily the Soviet Union and its satellite states and allies and the powers of the Western world, primarily the United States and its allies. -
Creation of Pakistan
The movement ultimately achieved success in 1947, when part of northwest India was partitioned, granted independence and renamed Pakistan. -
Indian Independence
Independence Day of India is celebrated on Fifteenth of August to commemorate its independence from British rule and its birth as a sovereign nation in 1947. -
NATO
An intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty.The NATO headquarters are in Brussels, Belgium,and the organization constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its member states agree to mutual defense in response to an attack by any external party. -
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Korean War
Was a military conflict between South Korea, supported by the United Nations, and North Korea, supported by the People's Republic of China. The war was a result of the physical division of Korea by an agreement of the victorious Allies at the conclusion of the Pacific War at the end of World War II. -
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Vietnam War
North Vietnamese victory, Withdrawal of American forces from Indochina, Dissolution of South Vietnam, Communist governments take power in Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos. Unification of North and South Vietnam under North Vietnamese rule. -
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Warsaw Pact
It was established at the USSR’s initiative and realized on 14 May 1955, in Warsaw in response to the integration of the Federal Republic of Germany into NATO in October 1954. the Czechoslovak President Václav Havel formally ended the 1955 Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance and so disestablished the Warsaw Treaty after 36 years of military alliance with the USSR. Five months later, the USSR disestablished itself in December 1991. -
Mao Zeddong & Maoism
Is an anti-Revisionist form of Marxist communist theory, derived from the teachings of the Chinese political leader Mao Zedong. Developed during the 1950s and 1960s, it is widely applied as the political and military guiding ideology in the Communist Party of China. Mao himself is officially regarded by the CPC as a "great revolutionary leader" for his role in fighting the Japanese and creating the People's Republic of China, but Maoism as implemented between 1959 and 1976 -
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Great Leap Forward
was an economic and social campaign of the Communist Party of China, which aimed to use China's vast population to rapidly transform the country from an agrarian economy into a modern communist society through the process of agriculturalization, industrialization, and collectivization. Mao Zedong led the campaign based on the Theory of Productive Forces, and intensified it after being informed of the impending disaster from grain shortages. -
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Berlin Wall
constructed by the German Democratic Republic starting on 13 August 1961, that completely cut off West Berlin from surrounding East Germany and from East Berlin. On 9 Nov 1989 that all GDR citizens could visit West Germany and West Berlin. The fall of the Berlin Wall paved the way for German reunification, which was formally concluded on 3 October 1990. -
Bay of Pigs
Invade southern Cuba, with support and encouragement from the US government, in an attempt to overthrow the Cuban government of Fidel Castro. The Cuban armed forces, trained and equipped by Eastern Bloc nations, defeated the invading combatants within three days. April 17–19, 1961 -
Cuban Missile Crisis
"October 14 - November 20, 1962" the beginning to end of the Cuban Missile Crisis. the Cuban and Soviet governments began to surreptitiously build bases in Cuba for a number of medium-range and intermediate-range ballistic nuclear missiles with the ability to strike most of the continental United States. The U.S. announced that it would not permit offensive weapons to be delivered to Cuba and demanded that the Soviets dismantle the missile bases already under construction o -
Helsinki Accords
was the final act of the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe held in Helsinki, Finland, during July and August 1,1975, during July and August 1,1975. signed the declaration in an attempt to improve relations between the Communist bloc and the West. -
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Islamic Revolution (Iran)
The overthrow of Iran's monarchy under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and its replacement with an Islamic republic under Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the leader of the revolution. -
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Iran-Iraq War
The war began when Iraq invaded Iran, Iraq was also aiming to replace Iran as the dominant Persian Gulf state.The war finally ended with a United Nations brokered ceasefire in the form of United Nations Security Council Resolution 598, which was accepted by both sides. -
Tiananmen Square
The movement used mainly non-violent methods and can be considered a case of civil resistance.Led mainly by students and intellectuals, the protests occurred in the year that was to see the collapse of a number of communist governments in eastern Europe.The protests were sparked by mass mourning over the death of former CPC General Secretary Hu Yaobang,the government conducted widespread arrests of protesters and their supporters, cracked down on other protests around China. -
Reunification of Germany
Was the process in 1990 in which the German Democratic Republic joined the Federal Republic of Germany, and when Berlin reunited into a single city. -
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USSR Disintegrates
It resulted in the destruction of the Soviet Federal Government and independence of the USSR's republics on December 25, 1991. The process was caused by weakening of the Soviet government, which led to disintegration and took place from about January 19, 1990 to December 31, 1991. -
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Nelson Madela
Mandela served 27 years in prison, spending many of these years on Robben Island. Following his release from prison on 11 February 1990, Mandela led his party in the negotiations that led to multi-racial democracy in 1994. As president from 1994 to 1999, he frequently gave priority to reconciliation. -
September 11, 2001
Were a series of coordinated suicide attacks by al-Qaeda upon the United States. The hijackers intentionally crashed two of the airliners into the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York City, killing everyone on board and many others working in the buildings. Al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden claimed responsibility for the attacks.