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Treaty of Ghent
The final battle never had to be fought, the United States and Representatives of Britian had been meeting in Belgium to discuss peace. On December 24, 1814 the Peace treaty or Treaty of Ghent was signed for a peaceful settlement between the US and Britian. This meant that interference with american shipping ended as well as the disagreements between the two countries. -
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Antebellum Era
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Tariff's Were Placed
In 1816 the tariff was placed, putting high taxes on British-made goods coming into the country to protect american manufactures. -
Southern Supply of Cotton
The north became more industrialized as the south maintained an agricultural and rural area. The south developed their own economic system and social structure. Their economic system was dominated by the supply of cotton. In 1790 the amount of slaves in the US was approximately 700,000 by 1820 the number was more than 1.5 million, and by 1860 8.9 million. The South was the main producer of the world's supply of cotton. -
Growth of Deomcracy
The election of 1824 had pointed out some of the differing interests between the developing economic sections. -
Tyler Becomes President
John Tyler became president by succession taking the place of William Henry Harrison who was the first President to Die in office. -
Election of 1848
Slavery in the territories became the major issue in the national election in 1848. That may the democratic convention was boycotted the 'Barn Burners' a group from new york who were against slavery that they were willing to take after the Dutch Farmer who burned his barn to kill the rats that were in it. The Democrats nominated Lewis Cass who supported "popular soveriegnity." Nominated for president was General Zachary Taylor, hero of the mexican war and slaveholder. He later won the election. -
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Senetor Stephen A. Douglas proposed a bill that would start statehood west of Minnesota, Iowa and Missouri. The Kansas-Nebraska Act was passed in May of 1854, it divided the territory of Kansas and Nebraska. Proslavery and Antislavery interests began sending armed settlers to the new terriorites. The majority went to Kansas and when it came time to vote,proslavery voters outnumbered antislavery. Proslavery Missourians crossed the border and voted illegally giving proslavery a huge victory. -
Slave Citiznship
On March 6, 1857 the supreme court made a decision brought on by the suit of Dred Scott. Dred Scott was a black man who claimed he was a free man and not a slave, he lived on free land. The court declared that no slave or anyone with slave ancestory could be a citizen of the United States or appeal to a federal court. -
Abraham Lincoln Became President
President Abraham Lincoln was elected president on November 6th, 1860 and went into office on March 4, 1861 and served his full 4 years. When he went into office, the southern states were alarmed by the antislavery policy of many of the leading republicans. President Lincoln was re-elected on November 8, 1864 and served until his assaination on April 16, 1865. -
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The Civil War Era
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First Bull Run
Presidnet Lincoln Sent the Army of the Potomac, who was poorly tained and inexpierenced to attack a Confederate force camped in Manassas Junction in Northen Virginia. Both sides joined in battle at Bull Run. First the Union forces seemed to be winning until their lead was stopped by General Thomas Jonathan Jackson, "stonewall", who stood in the middle of the fighting, like a stone wall. He put the Union troops to rout. This was the beginning of a long war for the North. -
The Civil War
The day after the surrender of Fort Sumpter. President lincoln called 75,000 troops to supress the insurrection facing the Union. By December 600,000 men were in the Union Army. The south asked for volunteers and many enlisted officers resigned from the U.S army to fight for their states. -
Lincoln's Plan
In 1863, Lincol's priority has been to restore the civil government throughout the south as quickly as possible. He proclaimed that each fromerally rebellious state could reesatablish its own governemtn if they met two condistions. 10% of its citizens who voted in the 1860 election had to oath to "faithfully support and defend the constitution of the United States" and secondly, the state had to abolish Slavery. -
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Reconstruction Era
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Ulysses S. Grant
Ulysses S. Grant became General by President Lincoln, he devised a three point plan to end the war. Union Forces were to invade the rich shenandoah valley and destroy anything with value to the confederacy. Grant and his troops were to march from washington to capture richmond and General William Tecumseh sherman and his forces were to march from Chatanooga, Tennesee to Atlanta and destroy anything in their path. General Lee surrendered to Grant, and the Union had won. -
The Black Codes
The reorganized states did not want to give rights to the newly freed black men. Congress had to establish the Freedmen's Bereau to help freedmen make new lives. As the Reorganized states drew up their laws in 1865 and 1866 they incorprated a number of acts called Black Codes. The Black codes denied freedmen many rights of citizenship, the blacks were once again socially, economically, and politically lower in status, in America. -
Johnson Becomes President
Johnson becomes president after lincoln's assanation. -
Johnson and Congress
Many of the congress were outraged by the Black Codes and voted to renew the Freedmen's Bureau to extend its powers and protect blacks. Johnson Vetoed the bill which later was overridden and in April the Civil Rights act was passed by congress which stated the freedmen were U.S citizens and entitiled to equal benefits of the law. Johnson also vetoed that, stating that it was unconstitutional and granted the federal government power at the expense of the states. -
Secret Groups
The congress passed the Force act in 1870 and the Ku Klux Klan act in 1871. -
The South Reacts
By 1871 all the former confederate states had readmitted to the union. The newly passed 15th ammendment granded blacxks the right to vote, several black representatives were elected to state and federal office. -
Reconstruction Ends
The North began losing interest in reconstruction and were rapidly passing from the scene. Union Troops that had long occupied the south were being pulled out. The last of them left in April 1877.
