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Abolitionist Movement
the social and political effort to end slavery everywhere. Fueled in part by religious fervor, the movement was led by people like Frederick Douglass, Sojourner Truth and John Brown -
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Manifest Destiny
Manifest destiny was a widely held cultural belief in the 19th-century United States that American settlers were destined to expand across North America -
Texas Revolution and Independence from Mexico
a rebellion of colonists from the United States and Tejanos in putting up armed resistance to the centralist government of Mexico -
Texas Annexation by the United States
annexation of the Republic of Texas into the United States of America, which was admitted to the Union as the 28th state -
Fedrick Douglas Publishes Autobiography
Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass is an 1845 memoir and treatise on abolition written by famous orator and former slave Frederick Douglass during his time in Lynn, Massachusetts -
Mexican-American War Begins
a conflict between the United States and Mexico, It stemmed from the annexation of the Republic of Texas by the U.S. in 1845 and from a dispute over whether Texas ended at the Nueces River or the Rio Grande -
Mexican Cession
the region in the modern-day southwestern United States that Mexico ceded to the U.S. in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo -
Free Soil Movement
The party was largely focused on the single issue of opposing the expansion of slavery into the western territories of the United States -
Compromise of 1850
a package of five separate bills passed by the United States Congress in September 1850 that defused a political confrontation between slave and free states on the status of territories acquired in the Mexican–American War -
Fugitive Slave Act
The act required that slaves be returned to their owners, even if they were in a free state. The act also made the federal government responsible for finding, returning, and trying escaped slaves -
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Civil War
a civil war in the United States from 1861 to 1865, fought between northern states loyal to the Union and southern states that had seceded to form the Confederate States of America -
Emancipation Proclamation
The proclamation declared "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free." -
13th Amendment
Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction -
Freedman's Bureau
help millions of former black slaves and poor whites in the South in the aftermath of the Civil War -
Sharecropping Begins in the South
former slaves and many small white farmers became trapped in a new system of economic exploitation known as sharecropping. Lacking capital and land of their own, former slaves were forced to work for large landowners -
Black Codes Created in the South
restrictive laws designed to limit the freedom of African Americans and ensure their availability as a cheap labor force after the Civil War -
Ku Klux Klan is Formed
a terror organization, gained political footing during Reconstruction in the postbellum South -
14th Amendment
All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. -
15th Amendment
The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude
