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Botany bay
Captain James Cook first landed when navigating his way around Australia on his ship, the Endeavour. James Cook's landing marked the beginning of Britain's interest in Australia and in the eventual colonisation of this new ‘southern continent’. Initially the name Sting Ray Harbour was used by Cook and other journal keepers on his expedition, for the stingrays they caught. (Grun 357). -
Birth
Ludwig Van Beethoven was born in Bonn, Germany. He was part of a family of musicians at the royal court of Cologne. His name was given after his grandfather, who was Flemish. (Burch 55). -
Death of Spiritual Father
Beethoven's grandfather Louis Van Beethoven died when young Beethoven was three. He was a fine musician and a great man that helped his grandson through all of his hardships. They say that some of his spirit entered the young boy. (Burch 56). -
Loss of Freedom
When Beethoven was 5 years old his father, Johann realized Ludwig had talent and started giving him music lessons. The boy never had freedom from practicing scales. His father was determined that his son should be a concert performer. (Burch 56). -
Vancouver Explores Northwest Coast of America
Departing England with two ships, Vancouver commanded an expedition charged with exploring the Pacific region. In its first year the expedition travelled to Cape Town, Australia, New Zealand, Tahiti, and China, collecting botanical samples and surveying coastlines along the way. After to North America, Vancouver followed the coasts of present day Oregon and Washington northward. (Grun 361). -
First Symphony
The symphony took place at the K.K. Hoftheater nächst der Burg in Vienna. It included a symphony by Mozart, and an aria and a duet from Haydn's oratorio The Creation. This concert gave Beethoven a name in Vienna. ("Ludwig Van beethoven Biography"). -
West India Docks, London
The West India Docks are a series of three docks on the Isle of Dogs in London. The docks closed to commercial traffic in 1980. The Canary Wharf development was built on the site. (Grun 372). -
George Morland's Death
George Morland was born in 1763. The 3rd son of 6 children. He was an english painter of animals and rustic scenes. (Grun 380). -
Third Symphony-Eroica
Beethoven dedicated this performance to Napolean Bonaparte. The work is a milestone in the history of the classical symphony. In the autumn the composer began to have second thoughts about that dedication. He wouldn't have had to pay a fee if he dedicated the symphony to Prince Franz Joseph Maximillian Lobkowitz instead. ("Ludwig Van beethoven Biography"). -
Symphony 5/6
Beethoven dedicated the Fifth Symphony to two of his patrons, Prince Franz Joseph von Lobkowitz and Count Razumovsky. The concert lasted for more than four hours. The two symphonies appeared on the program in reverse order, the 6th was first then the 5th. ("Ludwig Van beethoven Biography"). -
Symphony 7
The work was premiered in Vienna at a charity concert for soldiers wounded in the Battle of Hanau. The orchestra was led by Beethoven's friend, Ignaz Schuppanzigh. Also included some of the finest musicians of the day: violinist Louis Spohr, Johann Nepomuk Hummel, Giacomo Meyerbeer, and Antonio Salieri. ("Ludwig Van beethoven Biography"). -
Symphony 8
At the time Beethoven was 41 years old. The orchestra largely ignored his ungainly gestures and followed the principal violinist instead. When asked by his pupil Carl Czerny why the Eighth was less popular than the Seventh, Beethoven is said to have replied, "because the Eighth is so much better." ("Ludwig Van beethoven Biography"). -
U.S. Secretary of the Navy
President James Monroe selected Senator Southard to be Secretary of the Navy in September 1823, and he remained in office under President John Quincy Adams. During these years, he also served briefly as ad interim Secretary of the Treasury (1825) and Secretary of War (1828). Southard proved to be one of the most effective of the Navy's early Secretaries. (Grun 359). -
Symphony 9 -Choral
Beethoven was eager to have his work played in Berlin as soon as possible after finishing it. This was the composer's first on-stage appearance in 12 years; the hall was packed. When the audience applauded—testimonies differ over whether at the end of the scherzo or the whole symphony—Beethoven was several measures off and still conducting. Caroline Unger walked over and turned Beethoven around to accept the audience's cheers and applause. ("Ludwig Van beethoven Biography"). -
Ottawa Founded
Founded as Bytown and incorporated as "Ottawa" in 1855, the city has evolved into a political and technological centre of Canada. Its original boundaries were expanded through numerous minor annexations and ultimately replaced by a new city incorporation and major amalgamation in 2001 which significantly increased its land area. The name "Ottawa" is derived from the Algonquin word adawe, meaning "to trade". (Grun 64). -
Death
Ludwig van Beethoven died because of a prolonged illness. It was witnessed by his sister-in-law and by his close friend Anselm Hüttenbrenner, who provided a vivid description of the event. Beethoven's funeral was held three days later, and the procession was witnessed by a large crowd. He was buried in the cemetery at Währing. ("Ludwig Van Beethoven Biography").
