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Period: Jan 1, 1564 to
William Shakespeare
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King John
Shakespeare's histories--> written around the 1590s -
Henry V
Part of the Henry IV-VIII series (Shakespeare histories) -
Period: to
Hamlet UNIT 44
Prince of Denmark revenged his father's death by his own brother. -
Period: to
Othello UNIT 44
Othello killed his wife because of Yago's lies. -
Period: to
King Lear UNIT 44
Fairy tale -
Macbeth UNIT 44
Macbeth killed King Duncan of Scotland with the help of his wife, Lady Mcbeth. -
Period: to
Daniel Defoe UNIT 45
Tour Through the whole island of Great Britain (three volumes)
Robinson Crusoe (most famous book)
Moll Flanders (picaresque novel with some romanticism)
Roxana (last work of importance) -
Period: to
Jonathan Swift UNIT 45
Battle of the books (superiority of the ancient over the modern writers)
A tale of a Tub (mocked religion and questioned his own religious orthodoxy)
Gulliver's Travels (great satire) -
Period: to
Samuel Richardson UNIT 45
Pamela or Virtue Rewarded (maid who trasmits her father by means of letter the dishonest intentions of her master)
Clarissa of the History of a Young Lady (the materialism of the burgeoisie and of family tyranny) -
Period: to
Henry Fielding UNIT 45
An Apology for life of Mrs Shamela Andrews (predatory fortune-hunter who lures her master into marriage)
Joseph Andrews (parody of Richardson's Pamela)
Tom Jones (masterpiece)
Amelia (he immortalized his wife) -
Period: to
William Blake UNIT 48
Songs of Innocence (evocation of the paradise Milton declared lost and a mixture of love and tenderness)
Songs of Experience (things unknown or hinted in the previous book) -
Period: to
William Wordsworth UNIT 48
Lyrical Ballads (announced a new literary departure)
Preface (enunciated the principles of the new criticism which served as rationale for the new poetry) -
Period: to
Sir Walter Scott UNIT 48
Old Mortality (historical events rooted in 17th cent. to his own time)
Quentin Durward (French court of the 15th century) -
Period: to
Samuel Taylor Coleridge UNIT 48
Lyrical Ballads-- The Rime of the Ancient Mariner
Kubla Khan (more strange and enigmativ poem)
To William Wordsworth (superb tribute to a W.Wordsworth) -
Period: to
Jane Austen UNIT 48
Sense and Sensibility (make fun of the cult of sensibility and the taste for Goyhic terrors)
Pride and Prejudice + Emma (problems with the subject of getting married) -
Period: to
Lord Byron UNIT 48
Childe Harold's Pilgrimage (first appearance of the "Byronic hero")
Lara (best work)
Don Juan (masterpiece) -
Period: to
Percy Bysshe Shelley UNIT 48
Prometheus Unbound (Platonic ideas)
Alastor + Julian and Maddalo (great poems, own portrait) -
Period: to
John Keats UNIT 48
Endymion (chaos of images and legends)
Lamia + Isabella (masterpieces) -
Period: to
Benjamin Disraeli UNIT 47
Earlier novels: Vivian Grey, The Young Duke (political criticism) and Contarini Fleming (love story)
+Trilogy of novels dealing with social, political and religious problems -
Period: to
Nathaniel Hawthorne UNIT 46
Twice-Told Tales: collection of tales; fame not money
The Scarlet Letter (masterpiece): conflict between individual and society--> CIVIL WAR -
Period: to
Edgar Allan Poe UNIT 53
The Raven- death of a beautiful woman
Short stories: The Black Cat (murder story); Ligeia (love and marriage story); The Fall of the House of Usher (death story)
Detective stories: The Murders of the Rue Morgue, The Mystery of Marie Roget, The Purloined Letter. -
Period: to
Mrs. Gaskell UNIT 47
Mary Barton (success, praise of Dickens)
Ruth (sexual morality)
Life of Charlotte Brönte (biographical masterpiece)
Wives and Daughters (finest and uncomplete) -
Period: to
Wiliam Tackeray UNIT 50
Vanity Fair (Napoleonic wars and mixes ambition, greed, wealth and poverty)
Pendennis, The Newcomes
Henry Esmond (picture of its society)
The Virginians (picture of the American society) -
Period: to
Charles Dickens UNIT 50+47
Oliver Twist (attack on workhouse conditions an London's criminal.infested slums through the nightmarish experiences of a young boy)
Nicholas Nickleby (boy in a school of unwanted boys who seeked a gentlemanly position in life)
David Copperfield (autobiographical material)
Hard Times (attacking social conditios of this time) -
Period: to
Anthony Trollope UNIT 50
The Macdermots of Ballycloran (doomed Irish family)
The Warden (clergyman accused of misuding money meant for the old people's home)
The Last Chronicle of Barset (finest novel) -
Period: to
The Brönte Sisters UNIT 50
CHARLOTTE BRÖNTE
- The Professor, Villete (personal experience)
- Jane Eyre (masterpiece; woman's position in social fabric)
EMILY BRÖNTE
-Wuthering Heights (masterpiece; the impact of a waif child on two families in a Yorkshire district)
ANNE BRÖNTE
-Agnes Grey, The Tenant of Wildfell Hall -
Period: to
Charles Kingsley UNIT 47
Hypathia, Westward Ho! (historical novels) -
Period: to
Herman Melville UNIT 53
Typpe- cannibal Typees
Omoo- satirizes missionaries
Mardi- preliminary to Moby Dick
Moby Dick- masterpiece -
Period: to
Walt Whitman UNIT 53
Leaves of Grass: uncritical acceptance of life in its totality.
Democratic Vistas: a good society allows the greatest progress. -
Period: to
George Eliot UNIT 50
First period: Scenes of Clerical life, The Mill on the Floss
Second period: Middlemarch (masterpiece) -
Period: to
George Meredith UNIT 50
The Ordeal of Richard Feverel (young aristocrat educated on a virtuous system, but nature breaks the bonds and complications follow)
Evan Harrington (contains some details of Meredith's own family)
Rhoda Fleming (plebeian folk but with indifferent success) -
Period: to
Mark Twain UNIT 54
The adventures of Tom Sawyer (group of boys observed a murder and their subsequent efforts to track the murderer down)
Life on the Mississippi (collection of sketches and impressions)
The adventures of Huckleberry Finn (sequel which knits the group together) -
Period: to
Thomas Hardy UNIT 50
The Mayor of Canterbridge (reflected the new spirit of science and industry)
Tess of D'Ubervilles (greatest novel; country girl whose parents discover they are related to a noble family) -
Period: to
Henry James UNIT 54
The Americans (analysis of the American personality in a European social scene)
The Portrait of a Lady (drama of freedom and entrapment)
The Bostonians and The Europeans (comparative studies of the European and the American culture)
The Art of Fiction (declaration of freedom as an artist) -
Period: to
Oscar Wilde UNIT 51
Vera + The Duchess of Padua (while he was writing verse, he wrote these two immature plays)
The Picture of Dorian Grey: his only novel. Condemnation. It is considered the most complete expression of Wilde's personality
Lady Windermere's Fan: human values are enhanced
Salome: no play with biblical characters was allowed to be performed
A Woman of No Importance: success
The Importance of Being Earnest: masterpiece; criticises the hypocritical attitude of higher classes -
Period: to
George Bernard Shaw UNIT 57+51
DRAMA:
Widowers' Houses (problem of slum landlordism)
Mrs Warren Profession (prostitution). Both: unpleasant
Candida (choose between her husban and a young poet)--> within the 4 pleasant ones
Caesar and Cleopatra (study in magnanimity)
Pygmalion (exploration of the relation between social class and accent in England)
Saint Joan (tragedy+comedy) -
Period: to
Joseph Conrad UNIT 49
Youth + Heart of Darkness (primitive society explored and exploited by the colonists from an evolved society)
Nostromo (evils of economic exploitation of a young nation by a powerful country)
The Secret Agent (study of an anarchist plot)
The Rescue -
Period: to
Rudyard Kipling UNIT 49
Kim (great novel)
The Just So Stories + The Jungle Books (great children's writer) -
Period: to
Stephen Crane UNIT 46
Maggie: A Girl of the Streets--> life in the slums
The Red Badge of Courage (masterpiece): psychological portrayal of fear= AFTERMATH OF THE WAR -
Period: to
E. M. Foster UNIT 62+57
Howard's End (Masterpiece): misunderstanding in relations
A Passage to India (Masterpiece): barriers between individuals
Maurice: homosexuality -
Period: to
James Joyce UNIT 57+56
NOVEL:
Wrote only 6 books. A portrait of the Artist as as Young Man (stream of consciousness)
Dubliners (15 short stories about the life in Dublin)
Ulysses (most important of the 20th century novels)
Finnegan's Wake (last and most complex novel) -
Period: to
Virginia Woolf UNIT 57
NOVEL:
Monday or Tuesday and Jacob's Room (first efforts in her new way of writing)
Mrs Dalloway and The Waves (main works)
Orlando (Woolf's relationship with an aristocratic lesbian)
A Room's of One's Own or Three Guineas (concerned with the position of women) -
Period: to
Sean O'Casey UNIT 57
DRAMA:
The Shadow of a Gunman (Irish womanhood)
Juno and the Paycock (Irish independence)
The Plough and the Stars (Easter Rising) -
Period: to
Ezra Pound UNIT 57
POETRY:
Hugh Selwyn Mauberley. autobiographical poem. It sums up his position as a poet who detests the civilization of materialim.
Cantos: the theme is usury as the cause of a civilization decline. -
Period: to
Raymond Chandler UNIT 60
Blackmailer's Don't Shoot (first work)
Killer in the Rain (next work. Later formed part of his first novel: The Big Sleep)
The Big Sleep (Philip Marlowe) -
Period: to
T.S. Eliot UNIT 57
POETRY:
The Waste Land: which set out a materialistic agen dying of lack of belief in anything. -
Period: to
Dashiel Hammett UNIT 60
The Red Harvest (first novel)
The Maltese Falcon (masterpiece- Sam Spade, hard-boiled detective)
The Thin Man (most successful novel- rich and glamorous couple)
Other works: The adventures of Sam Spade and The Continental Op -
Period: to
Scott Fitzgerald UNIT 55- THE LOST GENERATION
The Great Gatsby (Jay Gatsby- tragic flaw is an outdated idealism)
Tender is the Night (it portrays a society resembling that of he and his wife in the Riviera) -
Period: to
William Faulkner UNIT 55
The Sound and The Fury (radical departure from the traditional form of novel- disintegration of an aristocratic but declining southern clan)
As I Lay Dying (death of a farmer's wife and the efforts of her family to carry out her dying wish to be buried in the family plot in Jefferson)
Absalom, Absalom! (most intricate and difficult novels- structure and style complex) -
Period: to
Ernest Hemingway UNIT 55- THE LOST GENERATION
The Sun Also Rises (fictional reminiscence of the lost generation expatriates in and out a fiesta in Pamplona)
A Farewell to Arms (tragic story of a north-American officer and an English nurse)
For Whom the Bell Tolls (Spanish Civil War- two lovers are embroiled) -
Period: to
John Steinbeck UNIT 55- THE LOST GENERATION
Tortilla Flat (brought him fame)
Dubious Batlle (best strike novels in the English language)
The Gapes of Wrath (migration of a dispossessed family from Oklahoma to California and their consequent exploitation by a ruthless system of agriculture economisc in which human sins, passions and cruelties are scattered). -
Period: to
George Orwell UNIT 57
NOVEL:
Animal Farm (all animals are equal, but some are more equal than other)
1984 (sick man's prophecy of the future) -
Period: to
Doris Lessing UNIT 62
Children of Violence: autobiographical
The Golden Notebook: feminist litearture -
Period: to
P. D. James UNIT 60
Cover Her Face (Adam Dalgliesh)
A Taste for Death (study of guilt)
Other works: Devices and Desires/ The Murder Room- within the Dalgliesh series -
Period: to
Nadine Gordimer UNIT 62
Burger's Daughter: mood of near-despair
July's People and My Son's Story: most momentous -
Poe's death
Poe died in mysterious circumstances