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He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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Gibbon graduated West Point and he was made a 2nd lietenant in the 3rd U.S. Artillery.
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He wrote, "The Artillerist's Manual". It was a book on artillery and it was used both by the South and the North.
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Gibbon was promoted to captain of the Batterty B, 4th U.S. Artillery at Camp Floyd in Utah.
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Shortly after Fort Sumter, Gibbon decides to stay with the Union even though his father was a slaveholder and his three brothers went to fight for the Confederacy.
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Gibbon was then appointed as chief artillery for Major General Irvin McDowell.
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Gibbon was assigned brigadier general of volunteers and commanded the King's Wisconsin Brigade, later to be called the Iron Brigade.
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He led the brigade against Stonewall Jackson at the Second Battleof Bull Run. Major General Joseph Hooker said the men "fought like iron" and from then on they were the Iron Brigade.
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Gibbon leds the brigade at the Battle of South Mountain.
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Gibbon led the brigade in the battle of Antietam which was the bloodiest battle in the civil war.
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He left the Iron Brigade to command a first division of the First Corps.
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While commanding the second division of the First Corps, Gibbon got wounded at Fredericksburg.
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Gibbon got shot in the arm at the Batte of Gettysburg.
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Gibbon was promoted to Major General of the United States.
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Gibbon died at the age of 68 in Baltimore, Maryland and is buried at Arlington National Cemetery.
