-
Trans-Siberian Railway Built
network of railways connecting Moscow with the Russia far East Vladivostok -
Czar Nicholas II Became the leader of Russia
he sought to preserve in an era desperate for change -
Russian Marxists Split into Mensheviks & Bolsheviks
Both groups were enthusiasts for the destruction of capitalism and the overthrow of the Tsarist regime -
Russo-Japanese war began
first great war of the 20th century -
Bloody Sunday in Russia
unarmed demonstrators marching to present a petition to Tsar Nicholas II were fired upon by soldiers of the Imperial Guard -
Albert Einstein developed the Theory of Relativity
encompasses two theories by Albert Einstein: special relativity and general relativity -
Sun Yixian Became President of China
founding father of the Republic of China -
March Revolution in Russia
collective term for a series of revolutions in Russia in 1917 -
March Revolution in Russia
dismantled the Tsarist autocracy and led to the creation of the Russian SFSR -
Czar Nicholas II abdicated
His reign saw Imperial Russia go from being one of the foremost great powers of the world to economic and military collapse -
The Bolshevik Revolution
a seizure of state power instrumental in the larger Russian Revolution -
Russian Civil War Began
multi-party war in the former Russian Empire fought between the Bolshevik Red Army and the White Army -
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
a peace treaty between the new Bolshevik government of Russia -
May Fourth Movement Began
an anti-imperialist, cultural, and political movement growing out of student demonstrations in Beijing -
Weimar Republic Established in Germany
named after Weimar, the city where the constitutional assembly took place -
Kuomintang was Created
the ruling political party in Republic of China -
The League of Nations was created
first international organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace -
New Economic Policy Enforced in Russia
represented a more capatilism-oriented economic policy -
Adolf Hitler Became the leader of the Nazi Party
Adolf Hitler was introduced as Führer of the Nazi Party, marking the first time that title was publicly used to address him -
Washington Conference
The four power pact signed by the United States, Great Britain, Japan, and France -
Russia became the USSR
governed as a single-party state by the Communist Party with Moscow as its capital -
Benito Mussolini Became the Leader of Italy
made an alliance with Hitler. After the alliance he recklessly spent Italy's money. -
Vladimir Lenin became the leader of Russia
his theoretical contributions to Marxist thought are known as Leninism -
Dawes Plan Started
an attempt following World War 1 for the Triple Entente to compromise and collect war reparations debt from Germany. -
Jiang Jieshi Became the leader of the Kuomintang
was a 20th-century Chinese political and military leader. -
Adolf Hitler wrote "Mein Kampf"
an autobiographical manifesto by Nazi leader Adolf Hitler, in which he outlines his political ideology and future plans for Germany. -
Hirohito Became the Emperor of Japan
the 124th Emperor of Japan -
Civil War in China Began
a civil war in China fought between forces loyal to the government of the Republic of China led by the Kuomintang -
Charles Lindbergh's solo flight across the Atlantic
Lindbergh was just 25 years old when he completed the trip -
Five-Year Plan Began
a radical attempt to bring the Soviet Union into the industrial age -
Kellogg-Briand Pact signed
international agreement in which signatory states promised not to use war to resolve "disputes or conflicts of whatever nature or of whatever origin they may be, which may arise among them" -
Joseph Stalin became the leader of the USSR
banned all private businesses, eliminated opposition, and started an over twenty year’s long campaign of killing fellow countrymen by the millions -
Stock Market Crash in The U.S
U.S. stock market underwent rapid expansion -
Great Depression Began
after nearly a decade of optimism and prsoperity, America was thrown into depression -
U.S Congress passed the Neutrality Acts
passed in response to the growing turmoil in Europe and Asia -
Japan invaded Manchuria
the Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria immediately following the Mukden Incident -
Adolf Hitler Became the Chancellor of Germany
President Paul von Hindenburg names Adolf Hitler, leader or fÜhrer of the National Socialist German Workers Party as chancellor of Germany. -
Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) became the president of the U.S
the only president ever to serve more than eight years -
The Holocaust began
persecution and planned slaughter of the Jewish people -
The new deal started
eries of domestic programs enacted in the United States -
The Long March
was a military retreat undertaken by the Red army of the Communist Party of China -
Adolf Hitler Defied the Treaty of Versailles
defied the treaty by building up his army, and taking back Rhineland -
Italy invaded Ethiopia
The war resulted in the military occupation of Ethiopia -
Germany Reoccupied the Rhineland
Adolf Hitler violates the Treaty of Versailles and the Locarno Pact by sending German military forces into the Rhineland -
Francisco Franco Led a Fascist Revolt in Spain
revolt by right-wing Spanish military officers in Spanish Morocco and spreads to mainland Spain -
Great Purge began
a campaign of political repression in the Soviet Union -
Japan invaded China
China fought Japan with some economic help from Germany -
Rape of Nanking
was an episode of mass murder and mass rape committed by Japanese troops against Nanking -
Anschluss
Austria and Germany united as one country -
Hitler Hosted Munich conference
settlement permitting Nazi Germany's annexation of portions of Czechoslovakia -
Kristallnacht Began
was a pogrom against Jews throughout Nazi Germany and parts of Austria -
Adolf Hitler took the Sudetenland
experienced a rate of war deaths higher than most other German speaking areas of Austria-Hungary and exceeded only by German South Moravia and Carinthia -
Nazi-Soviet Pact Signed
representatives from Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union met and signed -
Germany invaded Poland (Blitzkrieg)
France and United Kingdom had pacts with Polan and therfore declared war on Germany -
Sitzkrieg Began
phase early in World War II that was marked by a lack of major military operations by the Western Allies against the German Reich -
Winston Churchill Became the Prime minister of GB
called to replace Neville Chamberlain as British prime minister following the latter's resignation after losing a confidence vote in the House of Commons. -
Allies Evacuate Dunkirk
the evacuation of Allied soldiers from the beaches and harbour of Dunkirk -
Battle of Britain
first major campaign to be fought entirely by air forces -
Vichy Government established in France
was France during the regime of Marshal Philippe Pétain -
Tripartite Pact Signed
established the Axis Powers of World War II -
Lend-Lease Act
a program in which the United States supplied Great Britain and other allied nations with materiel -
Operation Barbarossa
code name for Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union -
Atlantic Charter
defined the Allied goals for the post-war world -
Auschwitz Death Camp Opened
was first constructed to hold Polish political prisoners -
Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor
The attack was intended as a preventive action in order to keep the U.S. Pacific Fleet from interfering with military actions -
The U.S. Declared War on Japan
The attack on Pearl Harbor happened before the U.S. declared war -
Chelmno Concentration Camp Opened
aiming for complete "Germinization" -
Hitler enacted the Final Solution
was Nazi Germany's plan during World War II to systematically exterminate the Jewish people -
Manhattan project began
a research and development project that produced the first atomic bombs during World War II -
Nisei were interned in relocation centers in the U.S
Japanese American internment was the World War II internment in "War Relocation Camps" of over 110,000 people of Japanese heritage who lived on the Pacific coast of the United States -
Bataan Death March
the forcible transfer by the Imperial Japanese Army of 60,000–80,000 Filipino and American prisoners of war -
Doolittle Raids over Japan
air raid by the United States on the Japanese capital Tokyo and other places on Honshu island -
Island Hopping campaign
military strategy employed by the Allies in the Pacific War against Japan and the Axis powers -
Battle of the coral sea
between the Imperial Japanese Navy and naval and air forces from the United States and Australia -
Battle of Midway
The Japenese plan was to lure the United States aircraft carriers into a trap. -
Battle of El Alamein
attle of the Western Desert Campaign of the Second World War -
Battle of Guadalcanal
allied forces, pedominantly American, landed on Guadalcanal -
Battle of Stalingrad
major battle of World War II in which Nazi Germany and its allies fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad -
Operation Torch
the British-American invasion of French North Africa -
Casablanca conference
held to plan the Allied European strategy for the next phase of World War II -
Allies Landed in Sicily
codenamed Operation Husky, was a major World War II campaign -
Tehran Conference
strategy meeting held between Joseph Stalin, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Winston Churchill -
Operation Overload (D-Day)
A 12,000-plane airborne assault preceeded an amphibious assault involving almost 7,000 vessels and nearly 160,000 troops -
Kamikaze Pilots Appear in The Pacific
Their most devastating attacks occurred during the battle for Okinawa where the suicide pilots inflicted the heaviest losses the US Navy ever suffered in a single battle -
Gen. Macarthur Returned to the Philippines(Leyte Gulf)
more than 100,000 American soldiers land on Leyte Island, in the Philippines, as preparation for the major invasion -
Battle of the Bulge
a major German offensive campaign launched through the densely forested Ardennes region -
Yalta Conference
purpose of discussing Europe's post-war reorganization -
Battle of Iwo Jima
major battle in which the United States Armed Forces fought for and captured the island of Iwo Jima -
V-E Day
marked the end of World War II in Europe -
Battle of Okinawa
mainland Japan lost 77,166 soldiers, who were either killed or committed suicide -
Mussolini was executed
shot by Italian partisans who had captured the couple as they attempted to flee to Switzerland. -
Hitler committed suicide
his remains were set on fire -
Germany surrendered
signed by representatives of the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht -
Potsdam Conference
gathered to decide how to administer punishment to the defeated Nazi Germany -
Atomic Bomb Dropped on Hiroshima
United States becomes the first and only nation to use atomic weaponry during wartime when it drops an atomic bomb on the Japanese city of Hiroshima -
Atomic Bomb Dropped on Nagasaki
just days after the bombing of Nagasaki and the Soviet Union's declaration of war, Japan announced its surrender to the Allies -
V-J Day
name chosen for the day on which Japan surrendered -
Japan surrendered
brought the hostilities of World War II to a close -
Nuremberg Trials
series of military tribunals
