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The Chinese Exclusion Act
In the spring of 1882, the Chinese Exclusion Act was passed by Congress and signed by President Chester A. Arthur. This act provided an absolute 10-year moratorium on Chinese labor immigration. For the first time, Federal law proscribed entry of an ethnic working group on the premise that it endangered the good order of certain localities. -
Exclusion Extention
When the exclusion act expired in 1892, Congress extended it for 10 years in the form of the Geary Act. This extension, made permanent in 1902, added restrictions by requiring each Chinese resident to register and obtain a certificate of residence. Without a certificate, she or he faced deportation. -
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The First Migration
The first large movement of blacks occurred during World War I, when 454,000 black southerners moved north. -
Wartime Racial Incident
The event occured in East St. Louis, Illinois. White rioters rampaged through African American neighborhoods, leaving at least 39 dead -
The Geary Act regulated Chinese immigration until the 1920s.
The Geary Act regulated Chinese immigration until the 1920s. With increased postwar immigration, Congress adopted new means for regulation: quotas and requirements pertaining to national origin. -
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1920's migration
another 800,000 blacks left the south -
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1930's Migration
During this time 398,000 blacks migrated. -
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1940's Migration
Between 1940 and 1960 over 3,348,000 blacks left the south for northern and western cities.