History of The Atomic Theory

  • Alchemy
    500 BCE

    Alchemy

    It is an ancient practice. They believed that all metals are made up of mercury and sulfur.
  • Democritus
    442 BCE

    Democritus

    He stated:
    Matter is made of invisible particles called atoms.
    Atoms are indestructible and unchangeable.
    Atoms are homogenous and they don’t have an internal structure.
    All atoms have different sizes and shapes.
  • Leucippus
    400 BCE

    Leucippus

    Worked with Democritus. Created the idea that everything is composed of various indivisible things known as an atom.
  • Aristotle
    300 BCE

    Aristotle

    He believed that everything was made up of four elements; fire, water, earth, and air. He said that a mass of an incomprehensible size was everywhere. He also believed that there were no different particles for each element.
  • Paracelsus
    1493

    Paracelsus

    His idea study poison helped chemistry get introduced into the world of medicine. He helped bring the use of chemicals and minerals into medicine.
  • George Bauer
    1494

    George Bauer

    He made the first classification of minerals based on their physical properties.
  • Robert Boyle

    Robert Boyle

    He believed that the elements are made up of atoms that are of different sizes that group up to make different substances.
  • Antoine Lavoisier

    Antoine Lavoisier

    He created the idea of the Law of Conservation. His idea stated that matter can not be created or destroyed
  • Joseph Proust

    Joseph Proust

    Created the idea of the Law of Definite Proportions. This idea states a compound always the same elements in the same proportion of mass.
  • Amadeo Avogadro

    Amadeo Avogadro

    He discovered that equal volume of gas with the same temperature and pressure are equal in volume.
  • Joseph Gay-Lussac

    Joseph Gay-Lussac

    He studied the properties of gases. He created the Law of Combining Volume of Gas. He stated that equal volume of all gases expand equally with the same increase in temperature.
  • John Dalton

    John Dalton

    He stated that matter is composed of atoms. All atoms are the same in size and indestructible. He believes that different elements differed in mass. Dalton's atom was similar to a billard's ball. Created the idea of the Law of Multiple Proportions.
  • Jons Jakob Berzelius

    Jons Jakob Berzelius

    He introduced the chemical system of chemical symbols. He started the idea of the periodic table.
  • Crookes

    Crookes

    He created the cathode ray tube which was used for television. His student was JJ Thomson.
  • JJ Thomas

    JJ Thomas

    He used the Cathode Ray Tube for experiments. When he put a magnet near the beam it moved away. This experiment led up to the discovery of the electron.
  • Henri Becquerel

    Henri Becquerel

    He discovered the evidence of radioactivity.
  • Robert Millikan

    Robert Millikan

    He determined the charge of an electron through his Oil Drop experiment. In his experiment, he took two magnetic plates that would suspend the electrons between the plates.
  • Ernest Rutherford

    Ernest Rutherford

    He discovered alpha particles. His experiment called the Gold Foil experiment showed that the nucleus contains protons.
  • Max Planck

    Max Planck

    He discovered the energy quanta.
  • Niels Bohr

    Niels Bohr

    He discovered the structure of an atom.
  • Louis de Broglie

    Louis de Broglie

    Studied the electron and discovered the properties of matter.
  • Werner Heisenberg

    Werner Heisenberg

    He was a pioneer in the quantum mechanics field.
  • Fritz Zwicky

    Fritz Zwicky

    He discovered dark matter, which is something that makes up 30% of the universe.
  • James Chadwick

    James Chadwick

    He discovered the existence of the neutron.
  • Murray Gell-Mann

    Murray Gell-Mann

    He created the idea of the Quarks theory. Quark is the idea of combining composite particles called hadrons.