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created the first atomic theory; that all matter consists of invisible particles called atoms.
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he began the conversation on what an atom was exactly.
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helped in the development of the atomic theory and created the first published table of relative atomic weights.
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arranged elements into 7 groups with similar properties. he discovered that the properties of elements "were periodic functions of the their atomic weights". this became known as the Periodic Law.
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observed rays he called "canal rays," which passed through the holes, or channels, in the cathode to strike the glass walls of the tube at the end near the cathode. he figured since the canal rays traveled in the opposite direction from the cathode rays, they must carry the opposite charge.
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used the idea of quanta (discrete units of energy) to explain hot glowing matter.
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created the “plum pudding” model of the atom; discovered the electron.
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designed an experiment to use alpha particles admitted by a radioactive element as probes to the unseen world of atomic structure. the gold foil experiment atom had a tiny, heavy nucleus.
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measured the charge on an electron with an apparatus.
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a British chemist who studied under Rutherford and developed the application of X-ray spectra to study atomic structure.
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developed the Bohr model of the atom; he proposed the theory that energy levels of electrons are discreet and the electrons orbit around the atomic nucleus but can jump from one energy level to another.
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viewed electrons as continuous clouds and introduced "wave mechanics" as a mathematical model of the atom.
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discovered the neutron in 1932. inspired the U.S. government to begin serious atomic bomb research efforts due to his discovery.
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discussed the possibility of atoms existing. he stressed organization of atoms and is sometimes called the "Father of Chemistry" for his continuous work on materials.
