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Education in the Colonial Period
The early beginnings of education in America. It was the start for making education a priority and mandatory for children. However, this did not require slave children to be educated as of yet. -
*Common Schools*
It set the foundation for public schools today, emphasizing reading, writing, and arithmetic. At this time it was thought important to teach children proper morals and the Bible was commonly used as a teaching tool. There was controversy, however, when immigrants and Native Americans had issues with how things were taught. http://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/1871/Common-School-Movement.html -
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Progressive Reform Movement
A movement to correct the social injustices of society and corruption brought on by the industrialization of American. Brought more focus on the student and educating them to be a member of society. -
* Population Growth and Immigration in the 19th Century *
America saw an influx of new immigrants coming into the country. This required schools to make drastic changes, since class sizes dramatically increased, and there was a shift in culture. Students were taught how to be an American and there was an emphasis on teaching only in English. https://mascotmoskovina.wordpress.com/art-and-dance-in-the-early-20th-century/education-in-america-in-the-early-1900s/ -
The Measurement Movement
A movement that began looking into the intelligence of a child. It was argued that children with more intelligence learned faster and better than a child with less. -
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The Impact of WW2
Mainly on University and Secondary levels, classes began to focus on subjects that were thought to be those most necessary to win the war. We also begin to see the beginnings of standardized testing. -
*Brown vs Board of Education*
It was a prominent court case that showed separate schools for black and white children was unconstitutional. The main arguments were over the quality of education the blacks had vs that of whites. While teachers of the black community were good, there was an inequality in the quality of supplies and basic materials. Up until this point classrooms of blacks were in poorer condition than those of their white counterparts.http://www.civilrights.org/education/brown/?referrer=https://www.google.com/ -
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The Civil Rights Movement and The War on Poverty
The Civil Rights movement demanded equal treatment between all races. The War on Poverty was the belief that if all were treated equally and provided with the same opportunities it would end poverty. -
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Sputnik and NDEA
Russia was able to launch its first satellite into space. This caused a demand for better education in the sciences to even the international playing field. -
School Choice Movement: Charter Schools, Vouchers
Parents wanted options to choose where and how their kids were taught. There are several claims to when this actually started, but the common agreement is that this started giving students more options than public schools. -
Individuals with Disabilities in Education Act
Individuals that had not previously been able to attend school because of disabilities would be allowed to do so. Schools would be required to provide for specific needs for these individuals. -
The Standards Movement
A movement that began in the early 1980's that would create a standard level for education. It was in part to help accommodate the demand to compete in a world market. -
Growth of Standardized Testing
Testing standards became a way to judge whether a school was considered a failing school. Schools were required to have their students take them each year to measure the academic learning. -
*No Child Left Behind Act*
An law that came into effect under the Bush administration in 2001. Under this act there was an increase on the federal role in holding schools accountable for how well their students were doing. It was done to possibly help decrease the gap between low income students and their wealthier peers. It also sought to make students more competitive on the international scale. http://www.edweek.org/ew/section/multimedia/no-child-left-behind-overview-definition-summary.html -
*Secondary School Movement*
This movement began the introduction of high school education. It was more an education to prepare students for life, by developing job skills, and social skills. In the beginning there wasn't a high attendance or graduation rates, but the numbers have steadily increased over the years until what it is today. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1187989?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
