History of C. A. L. L.

  • First use

    First use

    Computer-assisted instruction was first used in 1950s for
    other purposes than language teaching. (Collett, 1980)
    [youtube.com/watch?v=X7hCTREGB8s]
  • Behaviouristic C. A. L. L.

    The role of the computer was the same as
    tutor, and the delivered materials were repetitive language
    drills, vocabulary, grammar and translation tests. The most famous tutorial system was PLATO which was based on a behavioristic learning patter (Taylor, 1980) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_zvD3okZ640]
  • English as a Second Language

    The importance of this project came from the point
    that Atkinson and Suppes formed the Computer
    Curriculum Corporation in 1967, which continued to
    provide instruction in English as a Second Language. (Saettler, 1990; cited in Chapelle, 2001).
  • Communicative C. A. L. L.

    This CALL approach was used for activities that involved communication such as conversations, written tasks, critical thinking, etc. (Taylor and Perez, 1989) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xmxztT1J0yk]
  • Used in French program

    Learning from a colleague in physics, Collett (1980) used the university’s mainframe for computer-assisted instruction in French program.
  • Teach different languages

    The former system was used for English, French, German, Spanish and Italian in 1980; and the later for those languages in addition to many others such as Arabic, Chinese, Hindi, Hebrew and Swedish. (Hendricks,
    Bennion & Larson, 1983)
  • TESOL convention

    The 1983 annual TESOL convention in Canada was the
    milestone in CALL from two aspects: 1. The CALL was the
    expression agreed upon. 2. A suggestion was made to
    establish a professional organization titled “CALICO” (Computer-Assisted Language Instruction Consortium).
  • Integrative C. A. L. L.

    The aim of the last phase of the CALL was
    to overcome the obstacles of language learning and teaching, and therefore to optimize the opportunities for integrating new technologies in the language classrooms.