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501 BCE
SOURCES pt 1
Sources
Williams, Matt. “Who Was Democritus?” Universe Today, Universe Today, 27 July 2016, www.universetoday.com/60058/democritus-atom/. "Democritus.". “Democritus.” The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th Ed, Encyclopedia.com, 2018, www.encyclopedia.com/people/philosophy-and-religion/philosophy-biographies/democritus. “Lavoisier.” Transition Metals, chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/history/lavoisier.html. -
500 BCE
SOURCES pt 2
Mott, Vallerie. “Introduction to Chemistry.” Lumen, Lumen Learning, courses.lumenlearning.com/introchem/chapter/john-dalton-and-atomic-theory/. ABCTE. “Atomic Structure, Periodicity, and Matter: Development of the Atomic Theory.” Development of the Atomic Theory, 2014, www.abcte.org/files/previews/chemistry/s1_p5.html. Beyler, Richard. “Werner Heisenberg.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 7 Dec. 2017, www.britannica.com/biography/Werner-Heisenberg. -
499 BCE
SOURCES pt 3
“Werner Heisenberg.” Atomic Heritage Foundation, 5 Dec. 1901, www.atomicheritage.org/profile/werner-heisenberg. “Atomic Theory: Joseph Proust.” About Water Temperature, staff.concord.org/~ddamelin/chemsite/c_AtomicTheory/Proust.html. “James Chadwick.” Atomic Heritage Foundation, 20 Oct. 1891, www.atomicheritage.org/profile/james-chadwick. Dr. Ljubo Vujovic. “Albert Einstein (1879 - 1955).” Albert Einstein, 2001, www.teslasociety.com/einstein.htm. -
498 BCE
SOURCES pt 4
Palermo, Elizabeth. “Niels Bohr: Biography & Atomic Theory.” LiveScience, Purch, 28 Aug. 2017, www.livescience.com/32016-niels-bohr-atomic-theory.html. Sutori, www.sutori.com/item/aristotle-s-views-on-atoms-450-b-c-aristotle-did-not-believe-in-the-atomic-theo. Sklodowska. “The Nobel Prize in Physics 1903. Nobelprize.org, 2012, www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1903/marie-curie/biographical/ “How Do Nuclear Weapons Work?” Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, cnduk.org/how-do-nuclear-weapons-work/ -
497 BCE
SOURCES pt 5
“Molecular Expressions: Science, Optics and You - Timeline - Max Planck.” Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer: Specialized Microscopy Techniques - Fluorescence Digital Image Gallery - Normal African Green Monkey Kidney Epithelial Cells (Vero), 2015, micro.magnet.fsu.edu/optics/timeline/people/planck.html. -
460 BCE
Democritus
Democritus created first theory of atom, although some believe it was Leucippus who shared his ideas with Democritus,
he started the atom theory by suggesting that all matter consisted of tiny, indivisible particles. He explains the universe through atoms and voids. -
384 BCE
Aristotle
Aristotle, an ancient Greek philosopher, did not believe in the atomic theory, he believed everything was made of a combination of the 4 elements -
Antoine Lavoisier
Lavoisier was born in 1743. Through experimenting, he found that mass is conserved in a chemical reaction in his breakthrough work during the late 18th century. He produced the first evidence of atoms are neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction by isolating and naming both hydrogen and oxygen, and predicting the later discovery of silicon and experiments w oxygen explained combustion. -
Joseph Louis Proust
A french chemist born in France, Proust published Law of Definite Proportions in 1974, which says a compound has exact proportions of an element by mass based on his observations on the composition of chemical compounds -
John Dalton
John Dalton, an English chemist, physicist, and meteorologist born in Eaglesfield, United Kingdom, studied tin oxides to observe the chemical reactions that resulted form the rearrangement of reacting atoms. He concluded that ll matter was composed of atoms, indivisible and indestructible building blocks. While all atoms of an element were identical, different elements had atoms of differing size and mass. -
Billiard Ball Model - John Dalton
Dalton thought atoms were the smallest particles of matter, he envisioned them as solid, hard spheres, like billiard balls, so he used wooden balls to model them. -
JJ Thomson
Thomson was born Manchester, United Kingdom
He created the positive and negative ions theories and went on to received the Nobel Prize in Physics -
Max Planck
Planck was the originator of the quantum theory of energy. Einstein used Planck's quantum theory to describe the particle properties of light. -
Marie Curie
Marie Curie grew up in Warsaw, Poland. She went on to discover radioactivity (elements polonium and radium) by working with a mineral pitchblende.Curie conducted experiments on uranium rays, radioactive elements, she also developed X- Ray machines. She was also the first woman to win Nobel Peace prize. -
Ernest Rutherford
In Brightwater, New Zealand, Rutherford discovered that atoms have a small charged nucleus surrounded by largely empty space, and are circled by tiny electrons. -
Albert Einstein
Born in Ulm, Germany, Albert discovered that energy and mass are interchangeable and created the equation E=mc2. He created the theory of relativity by calculating how the movement of molecules in a liquid can cause the Brownian motion.
“Life is like riding a bicycle. To keep your balance you must keep moving.” -
Niels Bohr - Bhor Model
In 1913, Niels Bohr, a danish physicist, proposed a theory for the hydrogen atom. Bohr was the first to discover that electrons travel in separate orbits around the nucleus and that the number of electrons in the outer orbit determines the properties of an element.
Danish physicist The Bohr Model is a planetary model in which the negatively-charged electrons orbit a small, positively-charged nucleus similar to the planets orbiting the Sun -
Erwin Schrödinger - Quantum model
Schrödinger used mathematical equations to describe the likelihood of finding an electron in a certain position. This atomic model is known as the quantum mechanical model of the atom. -
James Chadwick
Born in Bollington, United Kingdom, Chadwick discovered the Neutron in atoms and later went on to receive the Nobel Prize in Physics -
Plum Pudding model - J.J. Thomson
J.J. Thomson discovered the electron by experimenting with a Crookes, or cathode ray, tube and created the positive and negative ions theories. The atom is composed of electrons surrounded by a soup of positive charge to balance the electrons negative charges, like negatively charged plums -
Werner Heisenberg
Born in Würzburg, Germany, Heisenberg was know for his uncertainty principle and theory of quantum mechanics, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for his subsequent research and application of this principle. -
Lucas Model - Joseph Lucas
This model predicts the "magic numbers" 2, 8, 18, and 32 of electrons in the filled shells and also is able to predict why the Periodic Table of the Elements has exactly seven rows. The Lucas model also predicts the structure of the nucleus and correctly predicts hundreds of nuclide spins. Joeseph Lucas was born on April 12, 1834, in Hockley, Birmingham, United Kingdom -
Robert Oppenheimer - Father of the Atomic Bomb
Born in New York City, NY, Robert Oppenheimer, a technical director of the Manhattan Project was present during the creation of the first atomic bomb. Nuclear fission produces the atomic bomb -
Ernest Rutherford gets the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his theory of atomic structure.
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Chadwick discovered that Beryllium, when bombarded by alpha particles, emitted a very energetic stream of radiation.
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Joseph Louis Proust published Law of Definite Proportions
