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Around A.D. 140, the Greek astronomer Ptolemy solidified the geocentric model, elaborating and formalizing the view in a manner that closely approximated the movements of the sun and planets
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Aryabhata (476–550), in his magnum opus Aryabhatiya (499), propounded a computational system based on a planetary model in which the Earth was taken to be spinning on its axis and the periods of the planets were given with respect to the Sun
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In the late 10th century, a huge observatory was built near Tehran, Iran, by the astronomer Abu-Mahmud al-Khujandi who observed a series of meridian transits of the Sun, which allowed him to calculate the obliquity of the ecliptic, also known as the tilt of the Earth's axis relative to the Sun
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In 1006, Ali ibn Ridwan observed SN 1006, the brightest supernova in recorded history, and left a detailed description of the temporary star
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Bhāskara II (1114–1185) calculated the time taken for the Earth to orbit the sun to 9 decimal places
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After almost forty years of study,Copernicus published his monumental book On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Orbs in 1543, the year he died
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In 1610, Galileo discovered that Jupiter had at least four moons orbiting it with his advanced telescope
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Detailed records of astronomical observations were kept from about the 6th century BC, until the introduction of Western astronomy and the telescope in the 17th century
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In 185 AD the Chinese recorded the first super nova in the Astrological Annals of the Houhanshu
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The Mayans had a calendar by 800 AD that was more accurate than the calendar used in Europe
