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Observations recorded position of planets, times of eclipses, etc. Astronomy is regarded as the first science.
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The ancient Greeks inherited astronomical records from the Babylonians and applied the data to construct a cosmological framework. Data was not just used for practical goals, such as navigation, but also to think of new experiments.
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Pre-Socratic Greek/Phonecian philosopher, mathematician and astronomer who used previous data to predict eclipses.
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Developed the first Solar System model, which was geocentric (meaning Earth was the center of the universe).
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Developed the heliocentric theory, claiming the the sun was the center of the universe.
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The early Greeks knew the Earth was a sphere based on the shadow of Earth on the Moon during lunar eclipses. Eratosthenes proceeded to use this information to measure circumference of Earth.
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Produced first star catalog and recorded the names of constellations.
