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Starting in the 1600’s many of the New World settlers were Puritans, this highly influenced their views on education. The relied on private donations to send their children to schools, but the lack of money led to state involvement. The things taught in school revolved around their religious beliefs.
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Most Important: Jefferson, Rush, and Webster were all advocates of free public schooling in each district for a period of time including state funding for grammar schools. Rush and Webster were both advocates for educating women and blacks. Webster created text books free of European influences including the spelling book which was inspiration for the Websters dictionary still used in education today. http://educationearlyrepublic.voices.wooster.edu/category/research-strand-1/
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Monitorial schools were where hundreds of students would meet in the same school house and be taught by a number of monitors knowledgeable on certain subjects. Charity schools were where poor students in Urban areas could go to school for free. Infant schools provided schooling for students ages 4-7 to insure they got schooling because many of them would start working in factories later on.
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Most Important: He served as the first secretary of education that reviewed physical conditions of the school houses. He created the idea of common schools that gave everyone an equal chance at life through education.He impacts schooling still to today because of the influence he has made on providing an the equalizer in socioeconomic status of children which is public schooling. http://www.biography.com/people/horace-mann-9397522
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Between 1830-60 the population more than doubled. The origins of immigrants varied more than ever and school age children highly increased making more and more students in each school.
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Most Important: Horace Mann created the idea of common schools, a place for education, free of charge, funded by tax payers. This made such a huge impact on education because it was the first public school concept, where education was balanced between the wealthy and the poor. Common schools still influence schooling today because they represented using tax payers money to provide free schooling options for children. http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Common_School_Movement.aspx
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Most Important: During ww1 students started using intelligence test to see where they could be used the best. After performing these test it was determined that large majority of kids were illiterate. These intelligence test were used to see deficiencies and struggling children in school. We use similar intelligence test today to find students that could use altered curriculum and/or extra help. https://prezi.com/gnrlb-cygsay/measurement-movement/
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Before the civil war there was high schools created for boys as an alternative of the things taught in grammar schools. Eventually one was opened for girls as well.
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The father of progression education. School needs to be anchored in the whole child, learning by doing is key.
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During ww2 many schools were closed or shortened, students were asked to bring their own supplies or pay tuition, and the state could not pay teachers so there was a huge decrease of teachers. Many new deal programs aided the continuation of education including work for high school and college students.
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Most Important: The Progressive Reform Movement in education started engaging the students with field trips, nice schools, physical education, science, and interactive classes. Its goal was to reach talents of all students. This still affects education today because we now offer many classes in schools other then just reading, writing, and math. http://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-era/politics-reform/resources/reform-movements-progressive-era
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13 colored families all attempted to enroll their students into white schools to test desegregation, every child was denied. They filed a law suite against the board of education, eventually banning segregation in schools. The states failed to enforce desegregation in schools.
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Lindon Johnson was a former school teacher, he believed a equal chance in education meant a equal chance at life. He created federal programs to help disadvantaged students, and also banned government funding to schools that did not desegregate.
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Children with disabilities were not allowed to be students, they were not welcome at school. People of disabilities were no longer isolated, now they were flourishing in education. They had specialized teaching options for students with disabilities to be included in public education.
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This was when we started focusing on testing students in English and math, if schools did not meet the testing requirements there was consequences put in place.
