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The Common School
Larger towns built schools by law. There were "Dames Schools" which was basically glorified babysitting. Only the privileged continued through college to take the place of their parents. The majority could read just well enough to read the paper and bible and to figure taxes. -
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Population Growth and Immigration in the 19th Century
The U.S. population grew by about 15 million in two decades because of the industry boom. People wanted to immigrate to the U.S. because of job opportunities and the education system. -
The Impact of Horace Mann
MOST IMPORTANT
Horace Mann rode by horseback to each school district. He visited over 1,000 schools in 6 years. He knew that the quality of the rural schools had to be improved and that teaching was key in making that improvement. Horace Mann impacts education today by reminding teachers and educators that the quality of schools is essential in a students learning. http://www.pbs.org/onlyateacher/horace.html -
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The Impact of John Dewey
John Dewey was the most significant educational thinker of his era and, many would argue, of the 20th century. As a philosopher, social reformer and educator, he changed fundamental approaches to teaching and learning. http://www.pbs.org/onlyateacher/john.html -
The Committee of Ten
A group of educators that recommended the standardization of American high school curriculum. The president of the committee was Charles Eliot, president of Harvard University at the time. -
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The Progressive Reform Movement
Progressive reformers fought for educational reforms as well as social, political and economic reforms. They sought to change what the schools were being taught. -
Brown vs. Board of Education
MOST IMPORTANT
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that all public schools were to integrate whites and blacks. This ruling occurred after a black father walked with his daughter from one white school to another, getting rejected at each. This event affects us even today as our schools are integrated with all races. However, more and more we are starting to see segregation happen again. https://www.nps.gov/brvb/index.htm -
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Sputnik and NDEA, 1957-1958
Sputnik, the worlds first satellite, was launched by the Soviet Union. As a result, the U.S. started to feel that their scientists were falling behind those of countries. As a result, the NDEA was implemented and more funding was put toward the mathematics and science programs. -
The Civil Rights Movement & The War on Poverty
MOST IMPORTANT The civil rights movement was set out to end segregation among whites and blacks, especially in public schools. The brown vs. education didn't end segregation entirely as it should've. The war on poverty was introduced by Lyndon B. Johnson. The poverty rate at that time was around 19%. Today we are over 20%. We are still fighting the war on poverty. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2014/01/08/everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-war-on-poverty/ -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act - 1965
This law was passed by Lyndon B. Johnson. This declaration of "War on Poverty" reduced poverty from 20% to 12%. This act funds both elementary and secondary schools and emphasize equal access. -
Individuals with Disabilities in Education Act - 1975
MOST IMPORTANT
The IDEA protects the rights of students with disabilities. This granted all disabled students the opportunity to attend public schools, rather than being in an asylum or at home. The law has been revised many times over the years. This continues to positively impact our education system as students with disabilities are becoming more part of general education classes. We have more resources as teachers to better understand their needs and how to teach them. -
A Nation at Risk Report - 1983
This was a report given during the time Ronald Regan served as President. The report called the U.S. to an 'educational reform,' saying that we needed to get back to the basics of education. The report goes nicely with the Essentialist theory. -
The Standards Movement
The standards movement came about as a result of The Nation at Risk report. The education system started to implement standards by which schools and students were held to for greater achievement. -
Growth of Standardized Testing
As a result of the standards movement came the boom of standardized testing. Although, our history shows that we have always had forms of standardized testing. Standardized tests are those that can be graded in a 'standard' manner. -
No Child Left Behind - 2001
MOST IMPORTANT
NCLB was passed by U.S. Congress in 2001. The act supported standards based teaching and the theory of Essentialism. The idea of it was to hold schools and states accountable for the performance of their students. This has significantly impacted education in what appears to be negative. Standardized testing was used, but the idea of high expectations isn't that bad of an idea. http://www.edweek.org/ew/section/multimedia/no-child-left-behind-overview-definition-summary.
