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It restricted naturalization to "free white persons." Naturalization restrictions by race were not completely removed until 1952. https://abcnews.go.com/ABC_Univision/News/23-defining-moments-immigration-policy-history/story?id=17810440 https://borgenproject.org/tag/the-naturalization-act-of-1790/
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These were less immigration laws and more of a political weapon used by Federalists against Jeffersonians. The short-lived acts never actually resulted in any deportations, but did cause imprisonments and force some immigrants to flee the country. https://abcnews.go.com/ABC_Univision/News/23-defining-moments-immigration-policy-history/story?id=17810440 https://www.britannica.com/event/Alien-and-Sedition-Acts
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- The treaty that gave the U.S. what would become states like Arizona, California and New Mexico also extended citizenship to Mexicans living in the newly annexed territory.
- Piles of stones were set up across the southern border to mark the division between the U.S. and Mexico
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The country's first politically impactful anti-immigration group fielded two presidential candidates, Daniel Webster and Millard Fillmore. Both candidates lost in their presidential bids, but the Know Nothings controlled the Massachusetts legislature and won political seats across the country before a collapse in 1855. https://abcnews.go.com/ABC_Univision/News/23-defining-moments-immigration-policy-history/story?id=17810440 https://www.thoughtco.com/the-know-nothing-party-1773827
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- The amendment stated that anyone born in the U.S. would automatically become a U.S. citizen.
- The Naturalization Act of 1790 that limited naturalization to "free white persons" was extended to people of African descent in 1870, but not to Asians.
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This act prohibited immigrants considered undesirable from entering the U.S., but was effectively geared toward Chinese laborers and Chinese women who were deemed to be prostitutes. https://abcnews.go.com/ABC_Univision/News/23-defining-moments-immigration-policy-history/story?id=17810440 https://www.saturdayeveningpost.com/2018/05/considering-history-chinese-exclusion-act-origins-illegal-immigration/
