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Portugal's capture of Ceuta marked the beginning of European overseas expansion, driven by a desire for trade and religious spread.
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Christopher Columbus's voyage opened the Americas to European colonization, initiating massive cultural and biological exchanges.
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Spain and Portugal divided newly discovered lands outside Europe, shaping colonial boundaries in the Americas and beyond.
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This voyage established a direct maritime trade route between Europe and Asia, fueling global commerce and colonial ambitions.
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The first global circumnavigation proved the world was round and interconnected, accelerating global trade and exploration.
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Hernán Cortés's conquest of the Aztecs showed the devastating power of European colonization and its effects on indigenous populations.
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The Spanish conquest of the Incas reflected the broader trend of European dominance and resource extraction in the Americas.
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One of the first multinational corporations, the VOC played a crucial role in global trade, colonialism, and economic globalization.
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The beginning of the transatlantic slave trade in English colonies illustrates the human cost of global economic systems emerging from exploration.
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Cook's exploration helped expand British colonial interests and mapped parts of the Pacific, influencing modern geopolitics and trade.