-
-
Evil spirits
-
Bloodletting, exorcisms, etc. -
Digitalis for heart
Quinine for digestion
Belladonna and atropine for digestion
Morphine for pain -
-
Health records- first to keep accurate records
Physicians were priests
Heal?- medicines, splinting, bloodletting -
Acupuncture- started using stone tools, developed to Chinese acupuncture
-
Illness(nature vs spiritual)- first to study cause+ realize illness may be natural
Dissection- wasn’t allow for bodies to be dissected due to religious custom
Hippocrates- the father of medicine -
Sanitization systems- discovered that some disease was caused by unsanitary conditions, made aqueducts, built sewers to carry waste, public baths w/filtering systems
Organize medical care- first to do, sent equipment with their armies
Hospital development- started with rooms in houses for the sick, then developed into making public buildings -
-
Why?- because after the Roman Empire was conquered, the church thought that life and death were determined by god, so the monks and other religious people weren’t interested in how the body functioned
-
How?- prayer, herbal mixtures, custodial care -
-
Epidemics- bubonic plague, smallpox, diphtheria, syphilis, and tuberculosis
-
-
Universities- many universities and medical schools were built for research
Dissection- dissection of a body for the purposes of medical study were finally accepted
Books- many more books were printed and published, which allowed for easier access to knowledge -
-
Studies and recorded the human anatomy and body
-
Discovered the fallopian tubes as part of female anatomy -
Discovered the Eustachian tube
-
Used what he previously knew to understand physiology and describe the circulation of blood/pumping of the heart
-
Invested the microscope and decided that there are living organisms and cells that are smaller than the naked eye can see
-
Early pharmacies made to trade drugs and spices from the East
-
-
Discovered bifocals and that colds were contagious
-
Attended lectures in labs and classrooms, observed patients at bedside, dissected deceased patients
-
Discovered oxygen, also discovered that plants re-oxygenate air
-
Discovered a method for a smallpox vaccine, his discovery also led to different immunizations and preventative medicines for the public
-
Invented the stethoscope -
-
Volunteered at hospitals, took women to help care for sick soldiers during war, dedicated to nursing, etc.
-
Identified cause of childbed fever
-
“Father of microbiology”, discovered microorganisms were everywhere, proved they cause disease, discovered pasteurization, created a vaccine for rabies
-
Discovered that some microorganisms cant be seen with a microscope (viruses) -
The first doctor to use antiseptic during a surgery
-
Developed asepsis from what he knew about Lister’s and Pasteur’s research
-
Discovered different disease-causing organisms, developed culture plate method to identify pathogens, isolated bacterium that is the cause of tuberculosis, introduced sanitization to prevent spread of disease
-
Discovered the effects of medicine on disease-causing microorganisms, completed 606 experiments and finally found a treatment for syphilis
-
Discovered x-rays -
Surgery would be performed without anesthesia. Herbs, hashish, and alcohol would be used to lessen the pain of the surgery. Some patients would be choked so they would go unconscious and feel no pain.
-
Discovered that penicillin killed deadly bacteria
-
Discovered conscious and unconscious parts of the mind. Determined that the body and mind work together to function
-
Discovered sulfonamide compounds, which were used to kill deadly diseases -
Discovered that dead polio virus would give immunity to poliomyelitis
-
Used live polio virus vaccine. Now used to immunize babies from the disease
-
Discovered molecular structure of DNA. Made a model and used it to explain how DNA replicates and how hereditary info is coded on it
-
Performed first successful heart transplant
-
Pioneer in separating Siamese twins and performing hemispherectomies
-
-
The first partial face transplant was conducted on 38 year old Isabelle Dinoire, in Amiens, France after her dog mauled her. Surgeons transplanted her nose, lips, and chin from a donor, so she could improve sensory, motor, and communicative functions after the accident. -
A treatment was developed called Atripla that improved the previous AIDS treatment plan. The FDA approved the treatment, which combined three different drugs into one to make it easier to stay on schedule with the plan. It also decreased side effects
-
A medication called Stribild was developed to help HIV patients. This combined the four previous medications into one, which made controlling symptoms more effective for patients
-
Two researches discovered a substance that could reverse cardiac hypertrophy. The substance is GDF-11, and by reversing cardiac hypertrophy, it can also decrease your chances of heart failure
-
A medical device/system that would monitor glucose levels and administer insulin doses for people with type 1 diabetes.