-
Period: 1500 to
Early Modern Period
-
Period: 1509 to 1547
Henry VIII and the break with Rome
-
1517
Martin luther’s position in ninety-five theses
According to him salvation was free and one did not have to pay anything to obtain it.
Any priest declaring that being indulgences could free a man of his sins was lying.
Christians who were seeking pardon should turn to charity instead of being expensive letters of pardon. -
1521
excommunication of Martin Luther
expelled from the church and declared an heretic. -
1526
William tyndale translated the new testament into English
William Tyndall was a gifted scholar and linguist, was the first to translate the Bible into English from the original Hebrew and Greek. Tyndale wanted everyone in England, from the ploughboy to the king, to be able to read the Scripture in his own language. -
Nov 3, 1534
act of supremacy
two acts passed by the Parliament of England in the 16th century that established the English monarchs as the head of the Church of England -
Period: 1536 to 1537
pilgrimage of grace
The dissolution process was interrupted by rebellions in Yorkshire and Lincolnshire. These were the greatest rebellions ever faced by Tudor monarch, they lasted 6 months. -
Period: 1547 to 1553
Edward VI : the young king
Protestant reforms accelerate in England. -
Period: 1553 to 1558
Mary I and the catholic restoration
Restoration of Catholicism and persecution of Protestants (Marian Persecutions). -
Period: 1558 to
Reign of Elizabeth I
Stability returns with the establishment of the Elizabethan Religious Settlement, marked by the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588. -
1559
Act of Supremacy
Elizabeth declared herself Supreme Governor of the Church of England, and instituted an Oath of Supremacy, requiring anyone taking public or church office to swear allegiance to the monarch as head of the Church and state. Anyone refusing to take the Oath could be charged with treason. -
1559
Act of Uniformity
It said that the newly formed Prayer Book, based on that of Edward's reign should be used in all churches and that people would be fined one shilling if they did not attend. People who refused to attend Church services were called recusants. -
Period: 1559 to 1563
Elizabeth's new legislation
-
Period: 1563 to 1571
The 39 articles of faith
Doctrine
- Stated the doctrine (religious belief) of the Church
- 3 important changes: a new ecclesiology (conception of the Church) / a new doctrine of Salvation (doctrine du salut) / a new definition of sacraments and of the mass
- Still in use today -
1570
Pope Pius V excommunicated Elizabeth
-
Apr 25, 1570
Pope Pius V issued the papal bull in Excelsis
-
Period: 1577 to
Repression of Catholics
163 persons killed during repression in 26 years -
1581
The 1581 act
("Act to retain the Queen's Majesty's Subjects in their due Obedience"):
- It provided for the death penalty for any person converting, or already converted to Catholicism.
- It was now forbidden to participate or celebrate the Catholic Mass
- Anglican services were compulsory: £20 per month fine. -
Execution of Mary queen of Scots
At Fotheringhay Castle, in Northamptonshire. -
Defeat of the Spanish Armada
At dawn the English attacked the disorganized Spanish ships off Gravelines, and a decisive battle ensued. -
Union of the crown
James VI of Scotland becomes James I of England, uniting the crowns of England and Scotland. -
Period: to
Reign of James I as king of England and Ireland
-
The Gunpowder Plot
The plan was to blow up the House of Lords during the State Opening of Parliament. It was a failed attempt to assassinate King James I of England during the Opening of Parliament -
The king James bible
An Early Modern English translation of the Christian Bible for the Church of England, which was commissioned in 1604 and published in 1611, by sponsorship of King James VI and I. -
Period: to
The Thirty years War
One of the most destructive conflicts in European history. -
Period: to
Reign of Charles I
Tensions between the monarchy and Parliament lead to the English Civil War (1642-1651). -
Period: to
The Personal Rule
The period in England from 1629 to 1640 when King Charles I ruled as an autocratic absolute monarch without recourse to Parliament. Charles claimed that he was entitled to do this under the royal prerogative and that he had a divine right. -
Period: to
Long Parliament
-
The Grand remonstrance
A list of grievances presented to King Charles I of England by the English Parliament. -
Period: to
English civil war
The first English revolution -
Charles I enters the English House of Commons.
King Charles I entered the English House of Commons, accompanied by armed soldiers, during a sitting of the Long Parliament. -
Execution of Charles I
England briefly becomes a republic under Oliver Cromwell’s Commonwealth. -
Monarchy abolished
The act abolishing the kingship was an Act of the Rump Parliament that abolished the monarchy in England in the aftermath of the Second English Civil War. -
End of the Commonwealth
-
Period: to
Reign of Charles II
-
declaration of Breda
Proclamation by Charles II of England in which he promised a general pardon for crimes committed during the English Civil War and the Interregnum for all those who recognised Charles as the lawful kin -
The restoration of the monarchy.
Charles II is restored to the throne. -
The act of uniformity
After the restoration of the monarchy in 1660 moves were made to revise and re-introduce the Prayer Book.In May 1662 Parliament passed another Act of Uniformity which authorised the use of a revised version broadly the same as the 1559 edition. -
The Popish Plot
An alleged conspiracy in 1678 to kill King Charles II of England, and replace him with his Catholic brother and wife. -
The exclusion crisis
Three Exclusion Bills sought to exclude the King's brother and heir presumptive, James, Duke of York, from the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland because he was a Roman Catholic. None became law. -
Period: to
The glorious revolution
James II is overthrown; William III and Mary II ascend to the throne, solidifying Parliamentary sovereignty through the Bill of Rights (1689). -
Act of settlement
Ensures Protestant succession to the English throne. -
Acts of Union
The Kingdoms of England and Scotland merge to form the Kingdom of Great Britain. -
Period: to
Reign of George III
Expansion of the British Empire, particularly in India and North America. -
Act of union
legislative agreement uniting Great Britain (England and Scotland) and Ireland under the name of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland