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During the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain, many children worked in factories and mines under dangerous conditions. Families needed money, as there were no laws to protect them. 19th-century reformers fought for better working conditions and education. Women also worked, seeking more rights. The Revolution brought new machines and urban growth, but labor union movements also emerged to improve workers' rights.
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Created by James Hargreaves, Spinning Jenny spin multiples threads.
It sped up yarn production, making clothes cheaper and creating textile factory jobs. -
Created by James Watt, Steam Engines were inefficient and primarily used to pump water out of mines.
Provided reliable power, allowing factories away from rivers, and powered railways and ships. This boosted trade, cut costs, and expanded economy activity. -
Created by Edmund Cartwright, the Power Loom revolutionized the weaving process.
Increased weaving efficiency, reducing cloth costs and making textiles more accessible, supporting factory growth and jobs. -
Charles Dickens was an English writer, born in 1812, known for his novels about poverty and the hardships of the working class in the 19th century. Dickens exposes the injustice and cruelty faced by the poorest, especially orphans. -
Oliver Twist, tells the story of an orphan suffering in a workhouse who runs away, encountering a group of criminals. The novel depicts the exploitation of children and the impact of poverty in London during the Industrial Revolution. -
Archduke Franz Ferdinand died with her wife, Sophie. The killer was Gavrilo Princip, a member of Young Bosnia and one of a group of assassins organized and armed by the Black Hand, exactly seven Bosnian Serbs planned the assassination. The main consequence was that Austria declared war on Serbia, and then, the First World War. -
Was a global conflict involving many countries, mainly in Europe. The causes included military alliances, nationalism, militarism, and imperialism. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand was the trigger.
The conflict was notable for trench warfare and left millions dead. The war changed politics and brought down empires. The Treaty of Versailles in 1919 ended the war, influencing future conflicts. It is crucial to understand this war in order to understand the history of the 20th century. -
The Treaty was signed in the Half of Mirrors at the Palace of Versailles, located near Paris. Britain, with David Lloyd George as a leader, demanded reparations and restrictions from Germany. France, with George Clemenceau as a leader, demanded severe reparations and the return of Alsace-Lorraine. The United States, with Woodrow Wilson as a leader, promoted the League of Nations and fair peace terms. This event finished the First World War. -
After World War I, Germany invaded Poland in 1939, beginning World War II. Japan attacked Pearl Harbor in 1941, bringing the United States into the war. The Nazis committed genocide against the Jews. The defeat at Stalingrad aided the Allies, who liberated Paris in 1944. Germany surrendered in 1945; Japan surrendered after the atomic bombs. The UN was created, and Germany divided, beginning the Cold War.