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Early Greek philospher. Helped come up with the Atomic Theory of the Universe - said that atoms flying around combine to create new substances. In other words, everything is made up of atoms. Sometimes referred to as "The Father of Modern Chemistry."
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Studied air pressure. Helped develop first barometer.
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First scientist to perform controlled experiments. Developed a gas law named after himself that explained how pressure and volume are inversely related to one another.
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Discovered Oxygen and described combustion reactions (why and how things burn).
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Developed gas law (Charles Law) which describes how gases tend to expand when heated. Flew the first balloon filled with Hydrogen gas (instead of hot air).
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Developed Law of Partial Pressures. Best known for developing the Modern Atomic Theory of Matter; 5 points make up the theory.
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Came up with Gay-Lussac's Law - gases at constant temperature and pressure combine in simple numerical proportions by volume, and the resulting product or products—if gases—also bear a simple proportion by volume to the volumes of the reactants.
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Invented electric motor.
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Invented the bunsen burner.
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Created a principle that explained if you have equal volume, equal pressure, and equal temperature, you will have equal number of gas particles in 2 containers. There is also an important number in chemistry nade after him that tells us the number of atoms/molecules in 1 mole of a substance [known as Avogadro's number].
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Arranged the first periodic table according to masses.
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Discovered most of the noble gas family.
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First woman to win Nobel Prize. Studied uranium and discovered many radioactive elements such as radium.
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Best known for his discovery of the electron. He used a cathode ray tube to aid in this discovery. He also is responsible for discovering isotopes and the mass spectrometer (an instrument used to separate out gas ions).
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Developed an efficient process for production of ammonia used in fertilizers. This idea was also used to produce a poisonous gas during world wars.
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Discovered that the nucleus is a small, dense center to every atom. He used the gold foil experiment to help him discover the nucleus. Also studied radioactive half-life and proved that arioactivity involved the transmutation (transformation) of 1 element to another.
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Built off Rutherford's discovery. Gave us the "Bohr Model" of an atom - says electrons orbit around the nucleus of an atom similar to how the planets orbit around the sun.
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Arranged the periodic table as we see it today; based on atomic numbers.
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Studied acids and bases and explained chemical bonding.
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Discovered the neutron and proved it had no charge (neutral).
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Developed equation describing the wavelike behaviors of electrons.
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Father of the Atomic Bomb
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Worked on X-ray diffraction images of DNA which eventually led to the discovery of DNA double helix. Her work is what was used by Watson and Crick to get the structure of DNA published.
