-
-
The Flexner Report reforms U.S. medical education, setting the foundation for standardized medical training and hospital accountability (Duffy, 2011). -
The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals (JCAH, now The Joint Commission, or TJC) is established, beginning formal evaluation of hospital performance (Marjoua Bozic, 2011). -
These federal programs introduce the need for accountability in publicly funded healthcare (Centers for Medicare Medicaid Services, n.d.). -
Avedis Donabedian introduces the Structure-Process-Outcome framework, revolutionizing quality assessment (Gavin, 2016). -
Medicare creates Peer Review Organizations, or PROs, to monitor the quality of care delivered to beneficiaries (Marjoua Bozic, 2012). -
The National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA) introduces HEDIS to measure and compare health plan performance across the country (NCQA, 2023). -
Introduces value-based purchasing and quality reporting requirements (Centers for Medicare Medicaid Services, n.d.). -
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) mandates public reporting and ties reimbursement to quality metrics like the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) (Centers for Medicare Medicaid Services, n.d.). -
The pandemic accelerates telehealth adoption and real-time, remote monitoring for quality care continuity (NCQA, 2023). -
Proposed quality metric: Standardized nationwide reporting on disparities across race, ethnicity, geography, and socioeconomic status. -
Proposed metric: Real-time, AI-based quality prediction system that flags potential adverse events before they occur.