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Boss Tweed
William Tweed, Boss Tweed, was born April 3, 1823. He worked in strengthening his position in power where he controlled all Democratic Party nominations. In 1860, he opened a law office, not being a lawyer, and received large payments from corporations, known as Tweed ring. The Tweed ring began to drain the city of New York through faked leases, false vouchers, and extravagantly padded bills. In 1876, he was captured and sent to the United States, where he was confined to a New York City jail. -
George Armstrong Custer
United States Army Officer and Calvary commander in the American Civil War and the American Indian Wars. Raised in Michigan and Ohio. Custer was admitted into West Point in 1857. He participated in the first major engagement, Battle of Bull Run. -
Department Stores
First Opened in 1846. Goods organized into different "department". Fixed prices (no bartering). Money back guarantees and free delivery. People shopped for the experience, not just deals. Five and dime stores. Offered large discounts to customers. Discounts buying in bullk. Passed on the customers -
William Howard Taft
William Howard Taft born on September 15,1857,in Cincinnati,Ohio.As U.S. president from 1909 to 1913 & chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court from 1921 to 1930,William Howard Taft became the only man in history to hold the highest post in both the executive & judicial branches of the U.S.government.Taft worked as a judge in Ohio,secretary of war in the administration of Roosevelt,& the 27th president of the U.S,fulfilled a lifelong dream when he was appointed chief justice of the Supreme Court. -
Bessmer Process
The Bessemer Process was developed by Henry Bessemer in an attempt to create steel from iron which produced steel cheaply and efficiently. The prices dropped more than 80% between 1867 and 1884.This process was one of the most important processes because it helped make stronger rails for railroads. It also helped make stronger metal machines for new architectural structures like skyscrapers. Because of this, the United States Industrial Revolution moved from the Age of Iron to the Age of Steel. -
The Homestead Act
Made up of several united states federal laws that gave specific applicants ownership of land originally called a "homestead", at no cost at all. The first act, homestead act of 1862 opened up millions of workers to the public that they were basically just throwing around to suitors. Any adult who had conformed to the new government, could apply. -
Morill Land Grant College Act
This was an act that donated public land to several states and territories which may have provided college for the benefit of agriculture and mechanic arts. this act is a united states statute that had initially allowed for the creation of land grant colleges. -
William Randolph Hearst
Born in San Francisco,California, on April 29,1863,William Randolph Hearst used his wealth and privilege to build a massive media empire. A founder of "yellow journalism," he was praised for his success & vilified by his enemies. At one point, he considered running for the U.S. presidency but the Great Depression took a toll on Hearst's company & his influence gradually waned, though his company survived as he impacted America's largest newspaper chain & died in Beverly Hills,California,in 1951. -
Andrew Carnegie
He was a Scottish immigrant that worked hard his whole life for investment. He was one of the first industrial moguls to make his own fortune by running in the steel industry. He used Vertical Integration and Horizontal Integration; which means he grew raw materials, manufactured, transported, and marketed. He also controlled his suppliers and limited his competition. -
Knights of Labor
formed in 1869, the Knights of Labor was an organization that allowed workers of all skill level an opportunity to work. Their goal was to get workers to own businesses, not capitalist. They are the reason why we have an 8 hour work day and even a day off (Labor Day). -
Susan B Anthony
Susan B. Anthony grew up in a politically active family that worked to end slavery in what they called The Abolitionist Movement and also the Temperance Movement. As Anthony grew up, she was inspired to fight for women's rights while campaigning against alcohol. Anthony gave speeches about allowing women to vote. Even when she died in 1906, she did not have the right to vote. It wasn't until 14 years after her death that the 19th amendment was passed, giving all women the right to vote. -
John Rockefeller
He was an American oil industry business magnate, industrialist, and philanthropist. He began the oil industry and also organized the trust & started the Horizontal Merger. Because he was Standard Oil Trust he could control 90% of the nation's refineries and pipelines. The oil help develop companies for distributing and marketing its products around the globe. -
Exploitation
Foreman/ managers (new) enforced workplaces rules. Non-compliance resulted in lines or temination. Blacklists were employers circulated lists with bad workers so they wouldn't be hired again. -
Tenements
Tenements were housing spaces that were popular in the 1870's. Many poor immigrants that barely arrived would be most commonly found in tenements. They were becoming a problem because of their disease filled, unlit, and overcrowded environment -
Chinese
The U.S. experienced major waves of immigration during the colonial era & from the 1880s to 1920.Many came to America seeking greater economic opportunity,while some,such as the Pilgrims in 1600s,arrived in search of religious freedom.After the Civil war,immigrants streamed the U.S in 1870-1900.A relatively large group of Chinese immigrated between the start of the California gold rush in 1849&1882 when federal law stopped their immigration for labor,money & stability but faced racism during it. -
Women's Temperance Christian Union
It was led by Francis Willard, powerful interest group following the civil war, urged women's suffrage, & led to Prohibition. The organization advocated for the prohibition of alcohol, using women's supposedly greater purity and morality as a rallying point. They sent missionaries around the world to spread the gospel of temperance. Their main concern was Women and Children who were being abused. -
Telephone
They were spoken by Alexander Graham Bell, inventor of the telephone, when he made the first call on March 10, 1876, to his assistant, Thomas Watson: "Mr. Watson--come here--I want to see you." The invention of the telephone was the culmination of work done by many individuals, and involved an array of lawsuits founded upon the patent claims of several individuals and numerous companies. -
Battle of Little Bighorn
Known to the Indians as Battle of the Greasy Grass, it was an armed engagement between combined forces of Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribe sand the 7th Calvary Regiment of the United States Army. -
Phonograph
The phonograph is a device, invented in 1877, for the mechanical recording and reproduction of sound. In its later forms, it is also called a gramophone (as a trademark since 1887, as a generic name in the UK since 1910), or, since the 1940s, a record player. The sound vibration waveforms are recorded as corresponding physical deviations of a spiral groove engraved, etched, incised, or impressed into the surface of a rotating cylinder or disc, called a "record". -
Soup Kitchens
It was a place where food is provided to the needy at little or no charge. It was ran by charitable institutions because during the Great Depression many people were evicted from their homes and ended up in the streets. They were able to provide food and shelter from shacks and charitable organization or public agencies. -
Gilded Age
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Salvation Army
It was a major distributor of help to the poor. It emphasized both religious and social salvation. Their mission is to help drug addicts, prostitutes, the homeless, and others in need. It was created by William and Catherine Booth. They were able to feed, shelter, assist them with employment, and counseled the ones in need. -
coinage of silver
This act was supported by farmers, Democrats, the Populist Party, Westerners and Southerners. They did not want just a money system based upon gold. They believed that to be able to relieve working conditions and exploitation of labor. The government wanted to increase in the quantity of money. -
Exodusters
Initially was a name given to the African Americans who migrated from the states along the Mississippi River to Kansas in the late nineteenth century, as part of the Exoduster Movement. -
Five and Dime Stores
The concept of the variety store originated with the five and ten, five and dime, nickel or dime, and ten-cent store or dime store (10 cents), a store offering a wide assortment of inexpensive items for personal and household use. The originators of the concept were the Woolworth Bros., in July 1879. -
Spoils System
The spoils system was a term that referred to politicians giving their supporters, family, and friends civil service jobs after they win an election. The spoils system was then later replaced by the Pendleton Act in 1883 -
Robber Barons
Robber barons is a term used for capitalist who used really shady methods in order to get rich, despite how negatively it affected other people/businesses. Carnegie and Rockefeller are examples of robber barons -
Immigrants
Swedish, Norwegian, German (northern areas) and Irish (wage workers) and Chinese were wage workers too. The Chinese were forced racism and violence. The Chinese Exclusion Act had banned further immigrant to the US. Immigrantion quotas: to protect white workers. -
Nativism
Americans weary of immigrants again. Stopping immigrants, slum and strikes propet idea. Chinese Exclusion Act. (APA) American Protective Association was lobbied for restrictions. Immigrants depots, deportation was people who were criminals, diseased, racials. The literacy Tests -
Chinese Exclusion Act
United states federal law signed by President Chester A. Arthur, which prevented all immigration of the Chinese laborers. This act followed the Angell Treaty of 1880. -
Pendleton Act
Spoils System: give jobs to people you like. Garfield assassinated by Charles Guiteau. Changes made against favors. Established the civil serice exam. Silver Service Reform Act: reform spoil system; have to take test to rank. -
Dawes Severalty Act
Adopted the congress in 1887, and authorized the President of the United States to survey american Indian tribal land and divide it into allotments for individual Indians. -
Social Gospel Movement
Begin in England. Advocated for poor working class. Religious leader wee upset. Social Darwinist views towards poor. YMCA (young men children association). They built libraries, kitchen, exercise, and housing, and salvation army like soup kitchens. -
Cuba's Independence
Independence from Spain. First rebellion failed (1860). Concessions-increased autonomy (run yourself). American interests and heavily invested in Cuba (50 million). Exports went to US. Second rebellion and economic depression in 1890. Rebels destroy sugar plantations. Left American ones alone. Spanish troops became ill. Guerilla warfare. Concentration camps (not moving or recuiting) -
Wounded Knee
Occurred on the Lakota Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in the U.S state of South Dakota. the U.S. Cavalry troops went into the camp to disarm the Lakota. Several versions of events were then created for this specific event. By the end of the massacre, over 150 men, women, and children had been brutally murdered and 51 only wounded. -
William Jennings Bryan
William Jennings Bryan (March 19, 1860 – July 26, 1925) was an American orator and politician from Nebraska. Beginning in 1896, he emerged as a dominant force in the Democratic Party, standing three times as the party's nominee for President of the United States. He also served in the United States House of Representatives and as the United States Secretary of State under Woodrow Wilson. -
Klondlike Gold Rush
Was a migration estimated of about 100,000 prospectors to the Klondlike of the Yukon located in north western Canada between 1896 and ended around 1899 -
The Yellow Journalism
Yellow journalism is a term for a type of journalism that presents little or no legitimate well-researched news & instead uses eye-catching headlines to sell more newspapers.Techniques may include exaggerations of news events,scandal-mongering or sensationalism.Led by newspaper owners William Randolph Hearst&Joseph Pulitzer,journalism of the 1890s raised yellow journalism styles that ultimately led to war in expressing American public opinion pressuring the government to go to war against Spain. -
U.S.S Maine Incident
Commissioned in 1895, this was the first United States Navy ship to be named after the state of Maine. Originally classified as an armored cruiser, she was built in response to the Brazilian battleship Riachuelo and the increase of naval forces in Latin America. Maine and her near-sister ship Texas reflected the latest European naval developments, with the layout of her main armament resembling that of the British ironclad Inflexible and comparable Italian ships. -
Siege of Santiago
The Siege of Santiago also known as the Siege of Santiago de Cuba was the last major operation of the Spanish–American War on the island of Cuba. This action should not be confused with the naval battle of Santiago de Cuba.The primary objective of the American Fifth Army Corps' invasion of Cuba was the capture of the city of Santiago de Cuba. -
Battle of Manilla Bay
took place on 1 May 1898, during the Spanish–American War. The American Asiatic Squadron under Commodore George Dewey engaged and destroyed the Spanish Pacific Squadron under Contraalmirante (Rear admiral) Patricio Montojo. The battle took place in Manila Bay in the Philippines, and was the first major engagement of the Spanish–American War. -
The Spanish-American War
The Spanish-American War was a conflict between the U.S & Spain that ended Spanish colonial rule in the Americas & resulted in U.S.acquisition of territories in the western Pacific as well as Latin America.The war originated from Cuban struggle for independence from Spain,which began in Feb,1895.Treaty of Paris 1898,Spain renounced all claim to Cuba,ceded Guam & Puerto Rico to the U.S,& transferred sovereignty over the Philippines to the U.S for $20,000,000, ending overseas colonial adventures. -
Treaty of Paris
Commissioners from the United States & Spain met in Paris on October 1,1898 to produce a treaty that would bring an end to the war after six months of hostilities.The Treaty of Paris of 1898 was an agreement made in 1898 that involved Spain relinquishing nearly all of the remaining Spanish Empire,especially Cuba,& ceding Puerto Rico,Guam, & the Philippines to the U.S . Signed in December 10,1898 Cuba's independence was recognized & forced Spain to cede Guam & Puerto Rico to the United States. -
Election of 1900
The United States presidential election of 1900 was the 29th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 6, 1900. In a re-match of the 1896 race, Republican President William McKinley defeated his Democratic challenger, William Jennings Bryan. McKinley's victory made him the first president to win re-election since Ulysses S. Grant had accomplished the same feat in 1872. -
Northern Securities Trust
The Northern Securities Company was a short-lived American railroad trust formed in 1901 by E. H. Harriman, James J. Hill, J.P. Morgan and their associates. The company controlled the Northern Pacific Railway; Great Northern Railway; Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad; and other associated lines. It was capitalized at $400 million, and Hill served as president. -
Muller V. Oregon
Whether the Constitution permits states to pass laws to protect the health of workers. In 1903, Oregon passed a law that said that women could work no more than 10 hours a day in factories and laundries. ... Muller was convicted of violating the law. His appeal eventually was heard to the U.S. Supreme Court. -
Meat Inspection Act
The Federal Meat Inspection Act of 1906 (FMIA) is an American law that makes it a crime to adulterate or misbrand meat and meat products being sold as food, and ensures that meat and meat products are slaughtered and processed under sanitary conditions. These requirements also apply to imported meat products, which must be inspected under equivalent foreign standards. USDA inspection of poultry was added by the Poultry Products Inspection Act of 1957. -
Model T
Before the Model T, cars were a luxury item. At the beginning of 1908, there were fewer than 200,000 on the road. Though the Model T was fairly expensive at first it was built for ordinary people to drive every day. It had a 22-horsepower, four-cylinder engine and was made of a new kind of heat-treated steel, pioneered by French race car makers, that made it lighter and stronger than its predecessors had been. It could go as fast as 40 miles per hour and could run on gasoline or hemp-based fuel. -
Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution, which began in 1910, ended dictatorship in Mexico and established a constitutional republic.A number of groups, led by revolutionaries including Francisco Madero, Pascual Orozco, Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata, participated in the long and costly conflict. Many historians regard 1920 as the end of the revolution, but sporadic violence and clashes between federal troops and various rebel forces continued.Carranza was assassinated and General Álvaro Obregón rose to power. -
Standard Oil Trust
Standard Oil Co. Inc. was an American oil producing, transporting, refining, and marketing company. Established in 1870 by John D. Rockefeller as a corporation in Ohio, it was the largest oil refinery in the world of its time.[7] Its controversial history as one of the world's first and largest multinational corporations ended in 1911, when the United States Supreme Court ruled that Standard Oil was an illegal monopoly. -
Bull Moose Party
The Progressive Party of 1912 was an American third party. It was formed by former President Theodore Roosevelt after he lost the presidential nomination of the Republican Party to his former protégé, President William Howard Taft. The new party was known for taking advanced positions on progressive reforms and attracting some leading reformers. After the party's defeat in the 1912 presidential election, it went into rapid decline, disappearing by 1918. -
Election of 1912
The United States presidential election of 1912 was the 32nd quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 5, 1912. Democratic Governor Woodrow Wilson of New Jersey defeated incumbent Republican President William Howard Taft and former President Theodore Roosevelt, who ran as the Progressive Party ("Bull Moose") nominee. -
Federal Reserve Act
An Act of Congress that created and established the Federal Reserve System (the central banking system of the United States), and which created the authority to issue Federal Reserve Notes (commonly known as the US Dollar) as legal tender. The Act was signed into law by President Woodrow Wilson. -
Allied Powers
After the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand on June 28, 1914 countries begin to form allied powers as a defense against Germany and the Central Powers. Great Britain, France, Serbia Russia, Japan, Italy, the United States and several others were all allied powers during World War I. After all, the Allied powers were defense agreement among other nations. They were also known as the Entente Powers because they began as an alliance between France, Britain, and Russia called the Triple Entente. -
Central Powers
WWI is a conflict between the Central Powers and the Allies. The Central Powers of WWI consisted of the German Empire and Austria-Hungary, the “central” European states that were at war from August 1914 against France and Britain on the Western Front and against Russia on the Eastern Front. The Ottoman Empire entered the war on the side of the Central Powers on October 29, 1914. Bulgaria came in on October 14, 1915. Germany had the largest army and was the primary leader of the Central Powers. -
Mustard Gas
Toxic smoke has been used occasionally in warfare and in 1912 the French used small amounts of tear gas in police operations. At the outbreak of World War I, the Germans began actively to develop chemical weapons. In January 1915, the Germans fired shells loaded with xylyl bromide, a more lethal gas, at Russian troops at Bolimov on the eastern front. Because of the wintry cold, most of the gas froze, but the Russians nonetheless reported more than 1,000 killed as a result of the new weapon. -
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
In WWI, the psychological distress of soldiers was attributed to concussions caused by the impact of shells. This impact was believed to disrupt the brain and cause “shell shock”. Shell shock was characterized by “the dazed, disoriented state many soldiers experienced during combat or shortly thereafter”.Even soldiers who had not gone through this were experiencing it. At the time, doctors soon found that many men suffering the symptoms of shell shock without having even been in the front lines. -
Prohibition
It temperance movement. Frances Willard is the national president of Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU). ''wet'' opposition. Anti- Saloon League. Billy Sunday preached about evils of alcohol. ''wet'' overwhelmed. The 18th amendment passed in 1917. Outlawed intoxicating liquor. Ratified Jan. 1919. Went into effect in 1920. Police raid neighborhoods. Wine, beer, other alcohol smashed up. Hoped society become more law-abiding. Bootlegging was an organized crime. -
Teapot Dome Scandal
The Teapot Dome Scandal of the 1920s shocked Americans by revealing an unprecedented level of greed & corruption within the federal government.Teapot Dome Scandal,also called Oil Reserves Scandal or Elk Hills Scandal,surrounding the secret leasing of federal oil reserves by the secretary of the interior, Albert Bacon Fall.The scandal involved ornery oil tycoons,poker-playing politicians,illegal liquor sales,a murder-suicide,a womanizing president & a bagful of bribery cash delivered on the sly. -
Jazz
Tin Pan Alley was New York city music publishers and singers. Dominated American music (19th century and early 20th century). Jazz evolves from Harlem Renaissance. Louis Armstrong: Duke Ellington. Jazz verses (white and black attend). Whites jazz bands from the Jazz Age. People thought jazz equal bad behavior. -
Benefits
Sick leave. Stock ownership. Pensions. Medical insurance. Paid vacation. All instill loyalty to the company. -
The Lost Generation
Rebelled against Victorian values. Affected by negativity and remorse of WW1 era. F. Scott Fitzgerald, gertrude Stein, Ernest Hemmingway. Against public codes of conduct. Sexual liberation. Escape unhealthy confines of modern life. Alcohol an important increases for many. -
Klu Klux Klan
Ride Wave of fear following Red Scare, sufrage, prohibition, immigrantion. Initally suppressed by government. Millions of members in 1920s. Thousands of lynchings and burnings. Murder of Thomas Shipp and Abram Smith. Whites upset over the Great Migration. Black Communities assaulted by the whites mobs. Jew, Catholics, Immigrants, and Feminists were targets. -
Harlem Renaissance
Throughout 20's,various movements & innovations revolved around the lives of many.However,as the Great Migration persuaded African Amerian's to move up for better social & economic opportunities,an artistic movement traveled along with them,The Harlem Renaissance.Begining in New York,It highlighted the celebration of black culture by improving it with photography,Literature & music such as Jazz at Tin Pan Valley.The Jazz Age evolved from the Renaissance dominating American Music in the 1920s. -
Hospitality Industry
Cottonages is roadside, motels and outside/ Hotel: inside. Sign and billboard. restraurants and gas stations. Vacation Industry (Capitalist Culture) -
Immigration Act of 1924
The Immigration Act of 1924 limited the number of immigrants allowed entry into the U.S through a national origins quota.The quota provided immigration visas to two percent of the total number of people of each nationality in the U.S as of the 1890 national census.known as the Johnson-Reed Act,was one such measure intended to reduce immigration into the USA, out of the fear of American jobs being taken away from numerous immigrant workers & fear of communist attempt to overthrow U.S capitalism. -
American Indian Citizenship Act
June 2nd, 1924 Congress had granted citizenship to all native americans born in ths US. even with the close of the indian citizenship act, some native americans still were not allowed to vote because the right to vote was then governed by state law. -
Charles Lindberg
Crosses the Altantic in an airplane. Spirit of St. Louis was Lindberg's plane. Flew non-stop from NYC to Paris in May 1927(3,610 miles) 33.5 hrs. Didn't sleep for 55 hrs. Flashlight, rubber raft, wicker chair, water and sandwickes. No radio or radar. Airplanes become popular and numerous. Lindberg becomes a rockstar -
The Great Depression
Before the Great Depression,there were limited regulations on the stock market.So,when the stock market began to falter in the months before the October 29 crash,the speculative investors could not make their margin calls.This prompted a massive sell-off sparked by investor fear with some $16 billion lost during the month October 1929 alone.The poor policies governing the stock market proved another of the causes of the Great Depression.Overall,it didn't make much justice throughout the decade. -
The Dust Bowl
Topsoil blown away by through and poor farming. Southern Plains worst hill. Dust blanketed major cities. People barricade themselves in their homes. Millions of cattle die from suffocation. Hardly any agriculture. Government intervention and pays farmers to plant replerish soil. 220 millions trees planted from Texas to California. -
The Presidential Election of 1932
The presidential election of 1932 took place as the effects of the 1929 Wall Street Crash & the Great Depression were being felt intensely across the country.President Herbert Hoover's popularity was falling as voters felt he was unable to reverse the economic collapse,deal with prohibition.Franklin D. Roosevelt used what he called Hoover's failure to deal with these problems as a platform for his own election,promising reform in his policy called the New Deal& defeated Republican Herbert Hoover -
21st Amendment
Repeals the 18th Amendment. Alcohol legal again!! But you have t be of age (21 age) -
20th Amendment
The 20th amendment is a simple amendment that sets the dates at which federal government elected offices end. In also defines who succeeds the president if the president dies.This amendment was ratified on January 23, 1933.The Twentieth Amendment to the U.S Constitution moved the beginning &ending of the terms of the president & vice president from March 4 to January 20, & of members of Congress from March 4 to January 3. It also determine what is to be done when there is no president-elect. -
Emergency Relief Act
The FERA was created on May 12,1933, by the Federal Emergency Relief Act of 1933, & President Roosevelt chose Harry Hopkins to be the administrator.As part of the First Hundred Days of legislation of the New Deal,it was aimed at responding to the fiscal crisis of state and local governments created by the Great Depression – both the collapse of tax revenues and the mounting costs of emergency relief.The FERA was a granting agency to the states, federal grants were given to the application state. -
Adjustment Act
The U.S. Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 was a federal law, a farm bill, of the New Deal era. The purpose was to provide relief for farmers & other agricultural workers during the Great Depression.The farm program was organized by the Agricultural Adjustment Administration. Due to high production in the years leading up to the Great Depression, prices for agricultural commodities such as staple crops & livestock were extremely low, & paid farmers subsidies not to plant part of their land. -
Hitler
Natural orator and chartismatic. Takes leadership of the Nationalist Socialist Party (NAZI). Attempts coup of the Welmar Republic Arrested for teason. Spend 9 months in jail. In jail he wrote a book called ''Mein Kampt (my struggle)". Blamed all problems on on Jews. Wants territory in Eastern Europe. Slavs and Jews were blamed. -
Currency
Father Charles Coughlin was Irish Catholic. Atlternative New Deal. 30-40 million listeners a week. Blamed Wall Street and international bankers for Depression (Nationalize Banks). Pushed FDR further left. Against gold standard. The FLAT Currency is FDR makes switch fro gold. Money based off of faith in the system. Gold standard still for foreign exchange. -
Munich Conference
Hilter, Neville Chamberlin. Sudentenland was given to Germany. Hilter promises no more territory taken. "Peace in our Time". Hilter was convinced Allies were weak. Needed for more living space. Targeted Eastern European people -
Supreme Court Packing
SCOTUS frequently shot down New Deal legislation. F.D.R claimed Justices' old age hampering their decisions. Proposed increasing the number of justices to 15. One of every justice over 70 that served more than 10 years. Wanted New Deal justices. F.D.R. most drastic failure. Republic and Democrat New Deal supported fell alienated. Republic wins in 1938. Halted New Deal. SCOTUS fell in line. Upheld other New Deal legislation -
German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact
Hilter's and Stalin's agreement. Bought time. Hilter didn't want twin front war. Take out the west first -
Japan
Japanese and Americans ignore military reduction agreements. US wants Chinese trade. Japan building on empire in East Asia. Japn invades Manchuria and kills 6 million Chinese people. Invades indo-china. Sanctions put on Japan. Limited Iron and Oil -
Alliances
There are 2 major powers: Axis powers and allied powers. Axis power is Germany, Italy, Japan. Allied Powers is Britain, Britain commonwealth nations, France, Soviet Union, US -
Race Issues
Sit-ins, demonstrations for civil rights begin. Iimited in scope. Military remains segregated. African Americans serve mostly in non- combat roles. The Great Migration and Still continues and race riots. Zoo Suits. Craze started by African Americans in 1920s. Baggy pants, overly long coats and large brimmed hats. Mexican- Americans in California take on the trend. Viewed as gangsters. White mobs assault zoot suiters. 100s injured -
Western Front
Hilter invaded Poland. Blitzreig (lighting war). tanks. Planes, and infantry. Penetrate and surround. Britain and France declared war on Germany (ww1 began). First attacks Denmerk and Norway/ Rolls through Belgium, Hollard, Lexembourg. French defenses shattered. British and French troops routed. Dunkik hundreds of british ships and plane. Evacuate over 300 k. Germans reach Paris -
Pearl Harbor
Surprise attack. 8 battleships damaged. Planes to supplies destroyed. Failed to cripple American fleet. Aircraft carries not there. Battleships weren't either. Japanese attack American and British territories in SE Asia. -
Bataan Death March
After the Japanese victory at the Battle of Bataan, 76,000 American and Filipino soldiers surrendered and were captured by the Japanese. They were then forced to march 85 mile path in 6 days to their prison camps and endured harsh conditions such as no food and water, getting beat, shot, and sometimes beheaded. -
D-Day
The Battle of Normandy, also known as D-Day led by Dwight D. Eisenhower, was the turning point of the war. Over 156,000 American, British, and Canadian forces landed on Normandy, battling German forces resulting in the re-liberation of all northern France. -
F.D.R Dies
While in the living room getting his portrait painted, Roosevelt started feeling pain caused by a brain hemorrhage. When a doctor there tried to revive him, he sadly died on April 12, 1945 at 3:35 in Warm Springs, Georgia, leaving vice president Harry Truman responsible to deal with the war. -
Little Boy Bomb
"Little Boy" was the name used for the first atomic bomb that was dropped on the city of Hiroshima. The Enola Gay was responsible for carrying and dropping it, making it known for ending the second World War -
Fat Man Bomb
Fat Man was the name of the second atomic bomb that the U.S. dropped on the city of Nagasaki. It was dropped and carried on the B-29 Bockscar, killing around 263,000 people -
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Cold War
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2nd Red Scare
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Berlin Airlift
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1950's
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Korean War
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Civil Rights
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Montgomery Bus Boycott
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1960's
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Iran Hostage Crisis
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Gulf War and First Iraq War
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George W. Bush
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The second Iraq war
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Barack Obama
