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Europeans made long voyages to trade with Africans. The Europeans gained power.
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African traders sold slaves for weaponry. Europeans built trading posts on African coasts.
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East and South Africa were colonized by the 1600
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Slave trade was outlawed although people continued trading. Europeans began colonizing Africa.
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Africans regained power over their land. Most of Africa was colonized by the mid 1900s.
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Ethiopia was only country that was never colonized, but it was invaded by Italy in 1930.
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African independence movements gained momentum in the the 1940s. Ghana became independent in 1957
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South Africa gained independence from Britain in 1910, but in 1948 they adopted apartheid, a South African policy of strict separation of races.
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Sudan gained independence in 1956. There were civil wars until 2005.
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Nigeria became independence in 1960.
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Most of Africa was independent my the 1960s.
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Kenyan people started a political organization in the 1920s to gain independence. Kenya gained independence in 1963
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Joseph Mobutu changes the Congo's name to Zaire, and ruled for 32 years. Congo's people suffered.
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Igbo attempt to leave Nigeria. They wanted to form their own country.
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Nelson Mandela helped end apartheid, he was an ANC leader who was jailed in 1962. He protested from prison. In 1990, Mandela was released, and apartheid was ended.
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Rwanda has divided into Tutsi and Hutu. After independence there were violence between the two, Hutu took control.
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Protests in Algeria lead to new policies, the king of Morocco responded with peaceful protests. He issued a constitution in 2011. It ended the parliament.
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Egyptians elected an Islamic president, Mohammed Morsi in 2012. His government set limits.
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In 2013, he was prisoned and his political party was banned.