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Vietnam Conflict
- Gulf of Tonkin Incident
- Johnson was not soft on Communism
- The U.S. attacked in the Gulf of Tonkin; allowed President Johnson to send more troops to Vietnam without a declaration war
- Was it a hoax?
- Escalation
- The U.S. troops were led by Gen. William Westmoreland
- The draft was seen as unfair to blacks and poor
- The Fighting
- was difficult due to Intense heat Dense jungles with razor-sharp leaves Invisible enemy: Vietcong blended in with South Vietnamese
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Containment
The blocking of another nation's attempt to spread its influence, especially the efforts of the United States to block the spread of Soviet influence during the late 1940s and early 1950s -
Ho Chi Minh & Defeat of the French
In 1958, the area became a French colony: Indo-China.
In 1945, Ho Chin Minh organized a Communist Party and declared Vietnam's independence from France; his troops were called Vietminh.
The US gave French $2.5 Billion in aid and military advisors to fight Vietminh.
French forces were defeated at Dien Bien Phu and left.
U.S. stayed fulfilling Cold War goal of Containment (Domino Theory) -
Yalta Conference
held from 4 to 11 February, 1945, was the World War II meeting of the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union for the purpose of discussing Germany and Europe's postwar
[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Yalta_Conference_%28Churchill%2C_Roosevelt%2C_Stalin%29_%28B%26W%29.jpg/1200px-Yalta_Conference_%28Churchill%2C_Roosevelt%2C_Stalin%29_%28B%26W%29.jpg] -
Truman's decision to drop A-bomb on Japan
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The United Nation is created
A replacement for the ineffective League of Nations, the organization was established on 24 October 1945 after World War II with the aim of preventing another such conflict. At its founding, the UN had 51 member states; there are now 193. -
Period: to
Vietminh
An organization of Communists and other nationalist groups between 1946 and 1954 fought for Vietnamese independence from the French -
Iron Curtain
Name given the line that separated Western (Free) and Soviet controlled communist East Europe -
Truman Doctrine
- Gave $400 Million in economic & military aid to Greece & Turkey
- To fend off communism and stay free Economic (Military)
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Marshall Plan (ERP)
- European Recovery Plan
- 16 countries received aid
- $ 13 Billion in aid given to rebuild Western Europe
- Offered to East Europe but Soviet Union said NO Economic
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Containment events
was a foreign policy strategy followed by the United States during the Cold War. First laid out by George F. Kennan in 1947, Containment > communism needed to be contained and isolated, or it would spread to neighboring countries was a United States policy using numerous strategies to prevent the spread of communism abroad. This policy was a response to a series of moves by the Soviet Union to enlarge its communist sphere of influence in Eastern Europe, China, Korea, and Vietnam. -
Period: to
Cold War
The ideological conflict between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics during the second half of the 20th century -
U.S.S.R. cuts off supply route to West Berlin and U.S responds with an airlift
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Berlin Airlift
- Stalin cut off supplies into West Berlin
- US airlift food and supplies into the city
- Lasted 11 months
- Stalin reopened supply lines Economic
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NATO
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization
- Collective Security
- Alliance to support one another military
- Had to be a democracy Political Military
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SEATO
South East Asian Treaty Organisation
- The US and 7 other nations
- To prevent the Domino Theory
Political Military -
Eisenhower Doctrine
- Like the Truman Doctrine but for the Middle East Offered economic & military support if communism threatened the Middle East Economic
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My Lai Massacre
a village in northern South Vietnam where more than 200 unarmed civilians, were massacred by US troops in May 1968 -
Election of Richard Nixon
He is elected 1968 after Johnson decides not to run for re-election.
Nixon promises troop with-drawl and to turn war back over to S.V. This begins the vietnamization phase of the conflict -
Tet Offensive: Simultaneous NVA attack on nearly every major
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Berlin Wall
A concrete wall that separated East and West Berlin from 1961 to 1989, built by the communist East German government to prevent its citizens from fleeing to the west.
