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The Marshall Plan Part 2
. The Marshall Plan was intended to rebuild the economies and spirits of Western Europe. With fear of containment of Communism expansion, Congress passed the Economic Cooperation Act in March 1948. Later, sixteen nations became part of the program and got the assistance they required. The European nations received nearly $13 billion in aid. This includes shipments for food, staples, fuel and machinery from the US and later resulted in investment in capacity in Europe. Though, some believed that -
Marshall Plan Part 3
the Marshall Plan was setting an issue to the Cold War. With a different approach, some believed that the countries of Eastern Europe would of had a different outcome. -
The Marshall Plan Part 1
After the results of the second World War, Europe was devastated with millions killed or wounded. Because of this, from 1945 through 1947, the United States gave financial aid to Europe and military assistance to Greece and Turkey. In January 1947, George Marshall, the architect of victory during WW11, was appointed to be Secretary of State by President Harry Truman. On June 5, 1947, at Harvard University, George Marshall shared with the world a speech about the Marshall Plan. The Marshall Plan -
NATO
In 1949, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was formed by the United States and 11 other Western nations (Great Britain, France, Belgium, Netherlands, Denmark, Italy, Luxembourg, Norway, Iceland, Canada, and Portugal) to try to prevent further spreading of Communism. The Soviet Union and it's Communist nations in Eastern Europe were against them and in 1955, they formed the Warsaw Pact. Since World War II, the European nation was devastated by the aftermath and split into two, formali -
NATO Part 2
, formalizing the political division of the European nation. This provided a start for the military standoff that continued throughout the Cold War in 1945. During the Cold War, the Soviet Union was capturing satellite countries. The Soviets captured surrounding countries first, to help protect them from any invasion. By doing this, it forced them to join the Soviet military. This feared many countries as they believed the the Soviet Union was going to take over other countries. The North Atlant -
NATO Part 3
Atlantic Treaty was signed on April 4, 1949. After the atomic bomb dropped in 1949 and in the outbreak of the Korean War in 1950, there were growing worries about the Soviets. Shortly after, NATO gained stronger connections with the military Headquarters. Then, established by the Allies, NATO got a permanent civilian Secretariat in Paris called NATO's first Secretary General, Lord Ismay of the United Kingdom. -
Korean War
The Korean War (June 25, 1950- July 27 1953) was between the North and South, in which the United States of America fought for the South, and China fought for the North (assisted by the Soviet Union). This war arose from the division of the Korea's at the end of WWII and the Cold War. Korea was ruled by Japan in 1910-1945, but by 1948, the Korea's were separated into two separate governments, in which by 1950, conflict grew so much that North Korea invaded South Korea. The ending date of July 27 -
Bay of Pigs
The Bay of Pigs happened from April 17,1961 until April 19,1961. It was an invasion of Cuba that didn't turn out the way that it was planned because the invaders were outnumbered and surrendered within 24 hours of fighting. President Eisenhower approved the program for the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) to set up training camps for Cuban exiles to invade their homeland. The main goal was the overthrow of Castro and the establishment of a non-communist government friendly to the United States. -
Bay of Pigs Part 2
Cuban exiles to invade their homeland. The main goal was the overthrow of Castro and the establishment of a non-communist government friendly to the United States. It all started when eight bombers left Nicaragua to bomb Cuban airfields. Later, the CIA painted World War 2 B-26 bombers to look like Cuban air force planes. This failed because it came an hour late and the Cubans shot it down. An American plane was publicly revealed and that caused President Kennedy to cancel a second air strike. Af -
Bay of Pigs Part 4
government and economy, including assassinating Fidel Castro. The reason he did this was to prove to Russia, China, and some Americans that he was serious about winning the Cold War -
Bay of Pigs Part 3
After this, Brigade prisoners were kept under control of the US and were later exchanged with $53 million worth of baby food and medicine by Fidel Castro. Then, on December 23,1962, a plane containing the first freed group of prisoners landed in the US. Soon after, the Brigade's flag was handed over to President Kennedy, whom said that the flag will be returned to the brigade in a free Havana. To make up for the failed invasion, the Kennedy administration initiated a plan to sabotage the Cuban g -
6 Day War Part 2
established as their homeland. The Israelis defended the war to prevent military effort to counter from what the Israelis saw as an impending attack by Arab nations that surrounded Israel. During this war, Israel occupied the Gaza Strip and the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt, the Golan Heights of Syria, and the West Bank and Arab Sector of East Jerusalem (previously under Jordanian rule). General Moshe Dayan was the Israelis Defense Minister, who caused/started the Six Day War. During 1967, the USSR w -
6 Day War Part 3
was responsible for the outbreak of hostilities in the Middle East. In the end, the Arab nations planned an attack with full confidence that they would win, but were surprised by Israels quick, successful strategies. They were defeated by a country before viewed as inferior. Furthermore, it was also a war lost by the Soviet Union to the United States, because the U.S. weapons were stronger than the Soviets. This war would be considered a proxy war between the USSR and the Americans and how they -
Six Day War
From June 5th to June 10th, there was a war fought in the Middle East between Israel and the neighboring states of Europe, Jordan, and Syria. This war had multiple names including, "The June War", "1967 Arab-Israeli War", and "Third Arab-Israeli War". The war was fought in the Middle East area because ever since Europe had become a country in 1948, Israels Palestinian neighbors were hostile because Israel was located in the area that they had previously established as their homeland. The Israeli -
6 Day War Part 4
instigated each other with both of them being super powers, but they did not get directly involved. Egypt and Israel continued to fight for another decade. -
Nixon Part 2
with the Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai where they both agreed to expand cultural contacts between their two nations. Nixon also set out plans for a permanent US trade mission in China. After the United States victory of the Spanish-American War in 1898, the US became an important power and was able to make the Open Door Policy in 1899 and 1900. This policy was made to ensure that all nations had equal trading privileges with China. -
Nixon Visits China
On February 21, 1972, President Richard M. Nixon went to China for an official trip. He was the first U.S. President to visit the People's Republic of China since it was established in 1949. This was important because it provided an open-trade policy between the United States and China, meaning that goods are traded freely between them. This was also major for our country because the US was seeking to improve relations with a Communist country during the Cold War. Also, on his trip, Nixon met wi -
SALT Part2
1 was signed on May 26,1972, which limited the number of missiles and launchers that were about to be fired. SALT 2 was a series of talks between the United States and Soviet negotiators from 1972 until 1979. The talks were meant to reduce the manufacture of strategic nuclear weapons. This one helped the US by discouraging the Soviets from arming their weapons. In 1969, the General Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party met with US President Nixon to come up with a treaty that would contain th -
SALT Part 3
the arms race. The arms race is a competition between nations for superiority in the development and accumulation of weapons. This occurred between the Soviet Union and the United States the most, especially during the Cold War. -
SALT
The Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty were two rounds of bilateral conferences and corresponding international treaties involving the United States and the Soviet Union (the Cold War superpowers) on the issue of armament control. This treaty proposed specific capacities on each side's number of nuclear weapons. There are two parts of this treaty. SALT 1 was signed on May 26,1972, which limited the number of missiles and launchers that were about to be fired. SALT 2 was a series of talks between -
1980 Olympic Hockey Game
"The Miracle on Ice" was what the 1980 Winter Olympics was known as and took place in Lake Placid, NY, on Feburary 22. The American team defeated the Soviet Union National team 4-3. The soviets, who won 6 of their last 7 were devestated after their defeat. The US also ended up defeating Sweden in the finals to win gold medals. This is another example of the US and the Soviet Union trying to "up each other" or a proxywar in the Cold War, without actually going into combat with each other. T
