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Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white bus rider, defying a southern custom that requires blacks to give up their seat to whites towards the front of the bus.
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Four freshman at North Carolina Agricultural and Technical College began a wave a student sit-ins designed to end segregation at southern lunch counters.
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CORE & SNCC organized the freedom rides to test southern compliance with this ruling.
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Martin Luther King joined the Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth in a civil rights campaign in Birmingham, Alabama.
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Malcom X made a pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, & the Holy City of Islam. Seeing Muslims of all races praying together changed his views separatism but he had only nine months to spread his new beliefs.
