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Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.
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No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States
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The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits each government in the United States from denying a citizen the right to vote based on race or gender.
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a landmark constitutional law case of the US Supreme Court. It upheld state racial segregation laws for public facilities under the doctrine of "separate but equal".
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African American political and religious movement
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The Congress of Racial Equality is an African-American civil rights organization by James Farmar.
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Malcolm was sentenced to 10 years in prison, although he was granted parole after serving seven years.
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28-year-old Jackie Robinson made his Major League Baseball debut with the Dodgers
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walked out of the 1948 convention in protest of civil rights platforms
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It abolished racial discrimination in the United States Armed Forces and eventually led to the end of segregation in the services.
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the segregation of seperating the two races to go to different schools.
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African-American teenager who was lynched in Mississippi at the age of 14 in 1955 after being falsely accused of flirting with a white woman
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a political and social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation
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a document written in February and March 1956, in opposition to racial integration of public places.
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which is closely associated with its first president, Martin Luther King Jr, had a large role in the American Civil Rights Movement.
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primarily a voting rights bill, was the first federal civil rights legislation passed by the United States Congress since the Civil Rights Act of 1875.
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The Little Rock Nine was a group of nine African American students enrolled in Little Rock Central High School in 1957.
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four African American college students sat down at a lunch counter at Woolworth's in Greensboro
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The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee was one of the most important organizations of the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s. It emerged from a student meeting organized by Ella Baker
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the first black child to desegregate the all-white William Frantz Elementary School
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a group of 13 African-American and white civil rights activists launched the Freedom Rides, a series of bus trips through the American South to protest segregation in interstate bus terminals.
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In late September 1962, after a legal battle, an African-American man named James Meredith attempted to enroll at the University of Mississippi.
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It says that people have a moral responsibility to break unjust laws and to take direct action rather than waiting potentially forever for justice to come through the courts.
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American civil rights activist from Mississippi who worked to overturn segregation at the University of Mississippi and to enact social justice and voting rights.
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more than 200,000 Americans gathered in Washington, D.C., for a political rally known as the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom
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The 16th Street Baptist Church bombing was an act of white supremacist terrorism
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three civil rights workers were abducted and murdered in an act of racial violence
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labor law in the United States that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
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aimed at dramatically increasing voter registration in Mississippi
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one week after his home was firebombed, Malcolm X was shot to death by Nation of Islam members while speaking at a rally
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aimed to overcome legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevented African Americans from exercising their right to vote
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an African-American motorist was arrested for suspicion of drunk driving, which started riots
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established requirements for non-discriminatory practices in hiring and employment on the part of U.S. government contractors.
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revolutionary black nationalist and socialist organization founded by Bobby Seale and Huey Newton in October 1966.
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U.S. civil-rights activist who in the 1960s originated the black nationalism rallying slogan, “black power.”
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is a landmark civil rights decision of the United States Supreme Court
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major civil disturbance that occurred in the city of Newark
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poor pay and dangerous working conditions, and provoked by the crushing to death of workers
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prohibited discrimination concerning the sale, rental and financing of housing based on race, religion, national origin and sex.
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The 1968 Olympics Black Power salute was a political demonstration conducted by African-American athletes Tommie Smith and John Carlos during their medal awarding
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The National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders, known as the Kerner Commission after its chair, Governor Otto Kerner, Jr. of Illinois
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when British soldiers shot 26 unarmed civilians during a peaceful protest march against internment.
