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Invented around 1000 A.D by Alhazen, the pinhole camera was not actually used for photo capture, but rather for drawing and viewing.
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The first photo was taken with the Camera Obscura when Joseph Nicephore Niepce used heliographs to allow light to draw a photo.
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Louis Daguerre worked with Joseph Niecpe to improve on the method that Niecpe had made.
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Also known as the Box Camera, this camera invented by George Eastman was used to allow amateurs to take photos, and for said photos to be taken back to the company for processing.
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The first 35mm camera, also called the 'Ur-Leica', was conceived when it's inventor Oskar Barnack had the idea of reducing the format of film and enlarging the photos.
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Introduced by Fuji in 1986, these cameras were single-use and used for recycling parts after use.
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The first digital camera on the market was released by Canon in 1996, called the 'Powershot 600'