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Quebec's Padlock Law
Quebec Premier Maurice Duplessis and his party- Was intended to prevent the dissemination of communist propaganda.
- The law denied the presumption of innocence, and clearly denied the right of freedom of speech to individuals. -
Spies in Canada: Gouzenko Affair
-Ignor Gouzenko was born in the Soviet Union in 1919.
-Was trained and later sent to Soviet Embassy in Ottawa, 1943.
-Their accomplishment was to steal the secrets of the atomic bomb.
-Gouzenko defected Canada in 1945 when his family was going to be sent back to Russua.
-He offered canadaian government secrete document and asked for permanent protection in return, however canadians did not belive him untill Soviet agents attempted to kidnao him.
-Alway wore a hood to protect his new identity. -
Berlin Blockade
- Soviet union beroke an agreement with its former alliies, forcing them to give up their established rights to occupy the western part of the German capital city of Berlin.
- Attempt to physically block all supply lines to west Berlin.
- failed, because allies had aircraft to provide the food and supplies needed. Successed in a way because it raised tensions between Soviet Union and its former allies.
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International Alliances: NATO
- Soviet Union openly committed to spend Communist system as far as possible.- Canada, US and several countries in Western Europe were concerned about national security. - In 1949 several nations formed the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)- A defense pact to defend each other from enemy attacks.- 12 founding members of NATO are Belgium, Britain, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal and the USA.
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The Forgoten War
The Korean War 1950-53 - A Forgotten War_Full Length Historical Documentary
- Communist North Korea supported by Communist China, decided to attack South Korea.
- US supported South Korea.
- UN condemned the attack by North Korea and called UN member to render every assistance to South Korea.
- 16 members aided in the war, Canada ranked third.
- Over 1000 canadians wounded, 406 killed.
- Canadian troops stayed in Korea until 1955 to help maintain the uneasy truce.
- The truce is an agreement to stop shooting. -
International Alliances: Warsaw Pact
-Fearful of a NATO attack, Soviet Union organized an alliance known as Warsaw Pzct.
-9 founding members of Warsaw Pact are Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Soviet Union. -
UN Peacekeeping: The Suez Crisis and Pearson wins Nobel Prize continue
- To pay for the Aswan Dam, Nasser decided to take over the Suez Canal. It had been controlled by the British in order to keep it open and free to all countries.
- Nasser seized the canal and was going to charge for passage in order to pay for the Aswan Dam. -The British, the French, and the Israelis decided to use the canal as a reason to attack Egypt.
- Canada provided 800 soldiers.
- Pearson awarded with the Nobel Peace Prize in 1957.
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UN Peacekeeping: The Suez Crisis and Pearson wins Nobel Prize
-The Suez Crisis was an event in the Middle East in 1956.
- Important man-made waterway in Egypt. It connects the Red Sea to the Mediterranean Sea.
-In 1954 Gamal Abdel Nasser took control of Egypt.
-The United States and the British had agreed to loan Egypt the money for the Dam, but then pulled their funding due to Egypt's military and political ties to the Soviet Union. Nasser was angry. money for the Dam, but then pulled their funding due to Egypt's military and political ties to the Sov -
The Vietnam War
Over 553,000 women and men were in active services during the Vietnam War.
- 1959 -- April 30, 1975
September 1940 - Japan invades Vietnam.
September 2, 1945 - Ho Chi Minh declares an independent Vietnam, called the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
March 1959 - Ho Chi Minh declared all out war in order to unite Vietnam under one rule.
March 8, 1965 - The first official US combat troops arrive in Vietnam. The US begins a bombing campaign of Northern Vietnam called Operation Rolling Thunder. -
Sputnik and Canad's space program
- In 1957, the Soviets launched the first sputnik satellite.
- The rocket that put Sputnik in orbit around the Earth could also deliver a nuclear warhead to any spot in North America.
- Fearful of this, the Americans replaced their fleet of long-range bomber aircraft with long-range missiles known as intercontinental ballistic or ICBMS.
- By responding, Soviets also buils long-range missiles.
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Continental Alliances NORAD
- The North American Air Defence (NORAD) agreement was signed in 1958.
- Canada and the United States agreed to help defend each other.
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Continental Alliances DEW
- Distant Early Warning known as DEW
- High-powered antennae at stations along the DEW line can pick up approaching enemy aircraft and missiles from 4800 km away.
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Avro Arrow and it's Cancellation
First Flight of the Avro Arrow
- Technically advanced fighter jet developed and built by Canadians.
- Quebec, Newfoundland and many Canadian cities voted "No" and was not impressed.
- Cancellation of Avro Arrow cost 14,000 canadians loose their jobs.
-Unemployment increased and economy slowed down. -
Diefenbaker, Bomarc missiles and nuclear warheads in Canada
Bomarc missiles and Nuclaer warheadsJohn Diefenbaker struggled to determine whether Canada should acquire nuclear weapons. Although NORAD represented a major defence commitment, the decision was made without discussion with Cabinet or the Defence Committee. In order to meet the requirements of NORAD, Canada planned to make a significant investment in upgrading its military technology and resources. The Bomarc missile was designed exclusively to carry a nuclear warhead; therefore arrangements had to be made for Canada to acquire it -
the Cuban Missile Crisis
- In 1962 American spy planes hadphotographed the construction of Soviet missile site on the iland of Cuba. From Cuba, the missile could launch to any city in the United States.
- US President Kennedy quickly imposed a naval blockadearound the island to stop Soviet ships from delivering the rockets and nuclear bombs.
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Canada- Soviet Hockey Series
CBC Digital Achives
- People took the day off work on Sept. 28, 1972 to watch Canada play the Soviet Union.
- In the game's last seconds, Paul Henderson scored an goal.
- Canadian hockey teams was not able to win European teams in Olympics and World Championships. -
Draft Dodgers in Canada
Draft Dodgers: The anti-Vietnam war movement rises in Canada and the US
The people who practice draft evasion were referred to as Draft Dodger. They believed that the Vietnam war was being fought for all the wrong reasons. Over 50,000 Draft Dodgers fled to Canada. When Ji -
The Fall of the Berlin Wall
NBC News Coverage
The Berlin wall in was not torn down immediately. Starting from that evening, people came to the wall with sledgehammers and chisels to chip off souvenirs, demolishing lengthy parts of it in the process and creating several unofficial border crossings. These people were nicknamed "Mauerspechte" (wall woodpeckers). -
The Fall of the Soviet Union
The Fall of the Soviet Union
The Soviet Union came to an end and split into republics, and these republics are self-governed, rather than ruled by the Soviet Union. In 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev became the Soviet leader and started a process of reforming the Soviet Union.
