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Quebec's Padlock Law
- The Padlock Law, was a law created by Maurice Duplessis that was intended to prevent the dissemination of communist propaganda.
- This law was created within Quebec, Canada.
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Spies In Canada: Gouzenko Affair
- During Gouzenko work, he learned that the Soviet intelligence operated several spy networks in Canada - one of the biggest accompishments was to steal the secrets of the atomic bomb
- Gouzenko decided to defect to Canada in 1945
- He offered the Canadian government secret documents exposing the work of the Soviet spies and in return he asked for protection
- If he had to make an apperence in public he would wear a hood over his head to protect his new identity
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Berlin Blockade
The Berlin Blockade
- In 1948, the Soviet Union broke an agreement with its former allies
- It attempted to force the allies to give up their established rights to occupy the western part of the former capitial city of Germany (Berlin)
- It was an attempt to physically bloke all suppy lines to west Berlin
- This blockade failed becasue the allies organized an airlift to provide the food and supplies
- This blockade did help to create tension between the Soviet Union and its former allies -
International Allies: NATO
- In 1949, several nations formed the Nation Alantic Treaty Organization- NATO
- NATO was a defence pact intended to protect members against futher Soviet asgression
- All members were pledged to protect each other from attack
- They did this by, providing a united front against enemy attack, it was reasoned that the acts of aggrestion against any member nation would be effectively deterred or discouraged
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The Forgotten War: The Korean War
The Forgotten War: The Korean War
- In 1950, the communists in North Korea decided to attack South Korea
- USA and Canada, supported South Korea against communist agression from North Korea
- Of all the member nations, only 16 aided the war effort in Korea
- In 1953, there was a trucee, an agreement to stop shooting -
The Warsaw Pact
- In 1955, fear of NATO attack, the Soviet Union organized the countries behind the iron curtian into the rival military alliance
- This alliance was known as the Warsaw Pact
- Fearing Soviet control, communist Yugoslavia rejected the pact
- With two opposing camps, driven by different values and beliefs and led by rivial superpowers, attention quicky focused on building military superionty, or an arm race
- By 1950, both had created a superbomb
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UN Peacekeeping: The Suez Crisis and Pearson wins Noble Prize
- Suez Canal was a waterway that connected the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea
- In 1956, General Nasser, an Egyptian leader, took control of Suez Canal
- Britain, France, and Israel decided to reclaim control.
- To reclaim control, the Isreal army attacked Eygpt
- The solution was found by Canada's secretary of state of external affairs, Lester Pearson Pearson called for an immediate end to all the shooting
- In 1957, Lester Pearson was awarded with the Nobel Peace Prize for his great w
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Diefenbaker, Bomarc Missiles and Nuclear Warheads in Canada
- John Diefenbaker was the 13th Canadian Prime Minister
- He led the conservative party, he served from June 21st, 1957 to April 22nd, 1963.
- As PM, he cut taxes, raised senior's pensions, and helped farmers
- He also got rid of the Avro Arrow and replaced it with the American Bomarc missiles
- Warheads were a type of explosion not allowed in Canada
- This limited the American control of when or when not the Canadian missiles could be used
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Sputnik and Canada's Space Program
Sputnik Launched
- In 1957, a Russian satellite was launched into space
- The Sputnik itself wasn't a problem but it could send a nucleaur warhead to anywhere in North America
- This caused the US to become upset, and the Cuban Missle Crisis was created -
Avro Arrow and it Cancellation
Avro Arrow and it Cancellation
- The Avro Arrow was a technically advanced, jet that was built by Canadians to intercept bombers from enemy countries
- The role of the Avro Arrow was to protect against the threat of Soviet bombers attacking North America over the Arctic
- The project was cancelled on February 20th, 1959 for many different reasons such as rising cost and the lowering threat of Soviet attack by bombers
- It was cancelled by Diefenbaker and 14,000 Canadians lost their jobs -
Continental Alliances: NORAD and DEW
- NORAD stands for The North American Air Defense agreement and was signed in 1958
- The term NORAD stood for the agreement that Canada and the U.S would help defend each other
- Canada permitted the Americans to build several defence installations in the Northwest Territories to create the DEW
- DEW stood for Distant Early Warning
- With the help of the DEW they could pick up approaching enemy aircraft and missles from 4800 km
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The Cuban Missile Crisis
The Cuban Missile Crisis
- The U.S. detected a Soviet missile on a launching site in Cuba
- For days the U.S. and the Soviet Union were on the verge of war.
- The USSR finally agreeded to remove the missile in return for a secret alliance with the U.S. to withdraw its own missiles from Turkey and to never invade Cuba.
- Canada refused to put its troops on alert, becasue Diefenbaker and Kennedy relation was uneasy.
- The incident increased tensions during the Cold War and fueled the nuclear arms race. -
Canada - Soviet Hockey Series
Canada - Soviet Hockey Series
- The Canada - Soviet Hockey Series was organized between the top Russian and Canadian hockey players
- The series were split with 3 wins for each team
- During the final game in Moscow, Canadian Paul Hendersonwon won the winning goal
- Giving Canada a lot of national pride -
Vietnam War and Draft Dodgers in Canada
Vietnam War and Draft Dodgers in Canada
- The Vietnam War was the struggle between nationalist forces attempting to merge the country of Vietnam under a communist government and the United States attempting to prevent the spread of communism.
- Richard Nixon, the new president Americans elected, promised to end the war being fought by Americans in Vietnam
- During this, Canada was a home for many young American's that did not want to fight in Vietnam
- These man were called Draft Dodgers -
The Fall Of The Berlin Wall
- The Berlin Wall was the division between West Berlin and East Germany from 1961 to 1989
- It was also the boundary between democracy and communism
- On November 9th, 1989, an eastern German government official told the Germans that the borders of the wall were open, and the wall slowly went away
- When the Berlin Wall came down, East and West Germany finally one again
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The Fall Of The Soviet Union
The Fall Of The Sovient Union
- On December 25th, 1991, Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev resigned and the post is abolished.
- On December 26, 1991, the USSR did not exsist anymore
- The Soviet flag was lowered for the last time and was replaced with the Russian tricolour.
