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Thompson discovers electron
Thompson in 1897 understood that the cathode rays he used for his studies were negatively charged microparticles, to which he gave the name of electrons. Thompson not only discovered the electron but also theorized the so-called "plum-pudding" atom: he describes it as a mass of positive matter in which electrons are embedded -
Rutherford changes the concept of the structure of the atom
Rutherford, a Thompson's student, theorizes, firing alpha radiation on a gold sheet and seeing that not all rays pierced the sheet, that the atom is not a cake shape, but rather a mini solar system. This is because not all the rays did not pass the lamina undisturbed, some were deflected, others completely deflected -
Bohr expands Rutherford's model
Bohr in 1913, thanks to his law, Bohr's law, establishes that electrons revolve around the nucleus at certain distances -
Heisenberg states his "Uncertainty Principle"
Heisenberg discovers that it is impossible to determine the velocity and position of an electron at the same time. In fact, he understands that the more one tries to understand one of the two better, the more the other becomes more and more indeterminable. thus formulates his "Uncertainty Principle" -
James Chadwick discovers the neutron
The English physicist James Chadwick discovers that the missing mass of the nucleus depends on a third subatomic particle that he refers to as a neutron. With this discovery the concept of isotope is created and, for the last time, the idea of how the nucleus of an atom is formed
