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This assassination led to Austria-Hungary declaring war on Serbia. -
The peasants and working class people of Russia revolted against the government of Tsar Nicholas II. They were led by Vladimir Lenin and a group of revolutionaries called the Bolsheviks. The new communist government created the country of the Soviet Union. -
On January 18, 1919, in Paris, France, some of the most powerful people in the world meet to begin the long, complicated negotiations that would officially mark the end of the First World War. -
The insurrection by which Benito Mussolini came to power in Italy in late October 1922. The March marked the beginning of fascist rule and meant the doom of the preceding parliamentary regimes of socialists and liberals. -
Hitler led his supporters through the streets of Munich in what is now known as the Munich Putsch. -
Concentrated on developing heavy industry and collectivizing agriculture, at the cost of a drastic fall in consumer goods. -
The Second Italo-Abyssinian War was Italy's conquest of Ethiopia, a process it began after the 1885 Partition of Africa. Taking Ethiopia would have also completed the Italian domination over the Horn of Africa. -
Adolf Hitler sent over 20,000 troops back into the Rhineland, an area that was supposed to remain a demilitarized zone according to the Treaty of Versailles. This action was directly against the Treaty of Versailles which had laid out the terms which the defeated Germany had accepted. -
The government believed that the army had too much say in politics and determined to reduce its influence. -
Committed by Japanese soldiers against Chinese, stormed into the Chinese capital of Nanking. -
Germany invaded Poland to regain lost territory and ultimately rule their neighbor to the east. The German invasion of Poland was a primer on how Hitler intended to wage war–what would become the “blitzkrieg” strategy. -
Brought attention to the intelligence failures and the lack of readiness of the United States military. The attacks on Pearl Harbor galvanized the American people and they pulled together in unity, which helped create the United States into a world power. -
Battle of Guadalcanal was the first major offensive and a decisive victory for the Allies in the Pacific theater. With Japanese troops stationed in this section of the Solomon Islands, U.S. marines launched a surprise attack in August 1942 and took control of an air base under construction. -
Successful Soviet defense of the city of Stalingrad, Russia during World War II. It stopped the German advance into the Soviet Union and marked the turning of the tide of war in favour of the Allies. -
El Alamein was the climax and turning point of the North African campaign of World War Two (1939-45). The Axis army of Italy and Germany suffered a decisive defeat by the British Eighth Army. -
German troops occupy Vichy France, which had previously been free of an Axis military presence. Since July 1940, upon being invaded and defeated by Nazi German forces, the autonomous French state had been split into two regions. -
The D-Day invasion is significant in history for the role it played in World War II. It marked the turn of the tide for the control maintained by Nazi Germany; less than a year after the invasion, the Allies formally accepted Nazi Germany's surrender. -
MacArthur wanted to make the emperor accountable to the Japanese people, eliminate Japan's ability to wage war, and create a parliamentary system akin to the British system, abolishing the inherited power of Japan's aristocracy. -
They gathered to decide how to administer Germany, which had agreed to unconditional surrender nine weeks earlier on the 8th of May (Victory in Europe Day). The goals of the conference also included the establishment of the postwar order, peace treaty issues, and countering the effects of the war. -
United States dropped an atomic bomb on the city of Hiroshima. The bomb was known as "Little Boy", a uranium gun-type bomb that exploded with about thirteen kilotons of force. -
51 countries committed to maintaining international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations and promoting social progress, better living standards and human rights. -
Was designed to rehabilitate the economies of 17 western and southern European countries in order to create stable conditions in which democratic institutions could survive. -
To provide collective security against the Soviet Union. NATO was the first peacetime military alliance the United States entered into outside of the Western Hemisphere. -
The Warsaw Pact was created in reaction to the integration of West Germany into NATO in 1955 per the London and Paris Conferences of 1954, but it is also considered to have been motivated by Soviet desires to maintain control over military forces in Central and Eastern Europe.