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Secret research and development project of the U.S to develop the atomic bomb- success granted the U.S the bombs that ended the war with Japan
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After signing the non-aggression pact Hitler had a surprise attack, Germany invaded, breaking their agreement, so Britain and France declared war, starting World War II
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AKA: Phoney War- "sitting war" Germany gives Europe time to back down
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France is forced to surrender to Germany- America realizes England was all that stood between Hitler controlling all of Europe
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Hitler launches a series of air attacks on Britain shortly after French surrender- air battle lasts several months
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Roosevelt's compromise for helping Britain as he could not sell Britain US destroyers without defying the Neutrality Act; Britain received 50 old but still serviceable US destroyers in exchange for giving the US the right to build military bases on British Islands in the Caribbean.
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Foremost U.S. non-interventionist pressure group against the American entry into WW ll- largest anti-war organization in American history
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Placed soon after the German and Soviet invasion of Poland prompted Britain and France to declare war against Nazi Germany- men 21-30 yrs old
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4 points proposed by Roosevelt- fundamental freedoms humans "everywhere in the world" ought to enjoy: speech and expression, religion, want, fear
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Gave Roosevelt the powers to sell, transfer, exchange, lend equipment to any country to help it defend itself
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US destroyer sunk by German U-boats off the coast of Iceland
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American destroyer sunk by German U-boat, killed many American sailors- Congress now allows US to arm its merchant vessels and sail to belligerent ports
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Japanese planes bombed almost all American fleets and ships at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Dec. 8, U.S. declares war against Japan (Italy and Germany allies with Japan)
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Germans vs soviets- Stalin gained about 2/3 of land back from Germany
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Represented the most intense phase of Imperial Japan's invasion of the Philippines during WW 2
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After the Japanese landed in the Philippines in May 1942, nearly 75,000 American and Filipino prisoners were forced to endure a 60-mile forced march
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Major naval battle between the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) and naval and air forces from the United States and Australia
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US, despite great losses was clearly victorious- US navy destroyed 4 Japanese aircraft carriers & only lost one; the action regained control of the central Pacific for the US.
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British general Montgomery attacked El Alamein with help of american tanks which drove enemy back to Tunisia
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Meeting between FDR and Churchill in which the two agreed to step up the Pacific war, invade Sicily, and insist on unconditional surrender
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First meeting of FDR, Churchill, and Stalin- agreed on an opening of a second front, and that the Soviet Union should enter the war against Japan
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Invasion of France- Eisenhower commanded more than 1.5 million American, British, and Canadian soldiers across the channel- to help to liberate Paris, had driven the Germans out of most of France and Belgium by September
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Philippines invaded- U.S. forces forced to leave, and most were taken prisoner and forced into participation of the Bataan Death March- U.S. forces returned and kicked the Japanese out
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FDR vs. Tomas E. Dewey (Republican)
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Germany staged a massive counterattack in Belgium and Luxembourg which pushed "bulge" into the Allied lines- Allies stopped the German advance and threw them back across the Rhine
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Americans would bypass heavily fortified islands and starve and bomb the smaller surrounding ones to push the Japanese back
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Russia agreed to declare war on Japan after the surrender of Germany- FDR and Churchill promised the USSR concession and territories that it had lost in the Russo-Japanese War
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several thousand marines, and more than 20,000 Japanese soldiers were killed-this battle is also notable for the famous photograph of US marines lifting the American flag to a standpoint
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Army in Pacific had been "island-hopping", moving north from Australia to Japan & invaded Okinawa, Japan
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Truman took the oath of office on January 20, 1945 and served as vice president just 82 days before Roosevelt died of a massive stroke, and then he was sworn in as president
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Victory in Europe (when the Germans surrendered)
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Post WW 2- Each side would take reparations from its own occupation zone, divided up GER, created Council of Foreign Ministers; marked the end of wartime alliance
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First atomic bomb dropped by America on Hiroshima, Japan
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Second atomic bomb dropped by America on Nagasaki, Japan
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Victory over Japan Day- emperor of Japan announced he would surrender to avoid more nuclear attacks because his nation had nearly been destroyed
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Series of trials conducted by an international military tribunal in which former Nazi leaders were charged with crimes against peace, crimes against humanity, and war crimes
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International Military Tribunals for the Far East begins hearing the case against 28 Japanese military and gov. officials accused of committing war crimes and crimes against humanity during WW 2
